C6 Flashcards
What is the equation for rate?
Rate=quantity of product produced/time
How do you find the initial rate?
Find the tangent at 0
Use tangent for gradient
Gradient = rate
How do you find rate at a specific time?
Find the tangent at the required time
Use tangent for gradient
Gradient = rate
What is the collision theory?
Particles need to collide with enough energy to reach its activation energy to start a successful reaction.
How does surface area affect ROR?
Increased surface area increases the number of exposed particles that are able to react
More frequent successful collisions
How does concentration/pressure affect ROR?
Increased - increases number of particles per unit volume
More frequent successful collisions
How does temp affect ROR?
Increased - particles gain more energy so increase kinetic energy
More frequent successful collisions
How do you calculate the mean rate of reaction?
Mean rate of reaction = quantity of product or reactant used/time taken
What are the units of ROR?
g/s or cm^3/s
What are catalysts?
Substances that increases the rate of reaction but not used up in the reaction.
What is the effect of temperature on equilibrium?
Increased temperature favours the endothermic direction
Decreased temperature favours the exothermic
What is the effect of pressure on equilibrium?
Increased pressure favours the side with the least number of molecules
Decreased pressure favours the side with the most number of molecules
What is the effect of concentration on equilibrium?
Increased concentration favours the side with the least number of molecules
Decreased concentration favours the side with the most number of molecules
What is dynamic equilibrium?
When rates are equal, mass of each substance doesn’t change
What is Le Châtelier’s principle?
You can change the relative amounts of the reactants and products in a reacting mixture at an equilibrium by changing the conditions.
