Calvin Cycle Flashcards
who invented calvin cycle?
melvin calvin
where does calvin cycle takes place?
stroma
calvin cycle uses _____ and ____ to
reduce CO2 to sugar
ATP and NADPH
- Takes place in the stroma
- Uses ATP and NADPH to reduce CO2 to sugar
calvin cycle
three main stages of calvin cycle
CO2 fixation, Reduction, Regeneration
CO2 enters leaf through _____
stomata
STAGE 1: CO2 FIXATION
Incorporates each CO2 molecule one at a time by attaching the 5-C sugar called ____
ribulose-1,5-biphosphate (RuBP)
STAGE 1: CO2 FIXATION
The enzyme that catalyzes the 1st step is called ________
RuBP carboxylase-oxygenase (RuBisCO)
STAGE 1: CO2 FIX ATION
The product of the reaction is _____
that is short-lived because it is unstable and splits in half.
6-carbon intermediate
STAGE 1: CO2 FIXATION
It forms two molecules of _____
each CO2
3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA)
STAGE 2: REDUCTION
Each 3-PGA receives a phosphate group from ATP becoming _____
1,3-biphosphoglycerate
STAGE 2: REDUCTION
Two electrons from NADPH reduces 1,3- biphosphoglycerate losing phosphate group becoming
_______
glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate or G3P
STAGE 2: REDUCTION
For every 3 molecules of CO2, there _____ of G3P that are formed.
6 molecules
STAGE 2: REDUCTION
____ exits the cycle to be used by the plant cell, but the other five molecules must be recycled to
regenerate the three molecules of RuBP.
One molecule
STAGE 2: REDUCTION
One molecule exits the cycle to be used by the plant cell, but the other five molecules must be recycled to
regenerate the three molecules of ____.
RuBP
