Carbohydrates

Question 1

what is carbohydrates

Answer 1

They are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.They are produced by plants through the process of photosynthesis. they are soluble in water and vary in sweetness. The end product of carbohydrate digestion is glucose.

Question 2

Types of Carbohydrates

Answer 2

Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides
Fructose
Glucose
Maltose
Galactose
Sucrose
Lactose

Question 3

Monosaccharides

Answer 3

These are the simplest units of carbohydrates. They are referred to as simple sugar e.g. glucose, fructose, galactose. etc.

Question 4

Disaccharides

Answer 4

These are sometimes called ‘double sugar’. These are carbohydrates that are made up of two or ten monosaccharides units. When two monosaccharides are joined together, the resulting carbohydrate is called disaccharides. Three monosaccharides are called trisaccharides, four are called tetrasaccharides eg. maltose, lactose and fructose . They are soluble in water.

Question 5

Polysaccharides

Answer 5

These are made up of more than ten monosaccharides units joined together eg. starch, pectin, cellulose and glycogen.Glycogen’ is only found in animals; cellulose helps bowel movement and add bulk to faeces. Polysaccharides are usually insoluble in water and are tasteless.

Question 6

Fructose

Answer 6

also known as fruit sugar because it is found in fruits, plant juices and honey. It is found in sugar cane or beet. It is also present in some fruits and vegetables.

Question 7

Glucose

Answer 7

It is the form of carbohydrate that the body uses for energy.

Question 8

Maltose

Answer 8

It is formed from to units of glucose. It is sometimes called ‘malt sugar’ and is found in cereals e.g. barley, where it is formed during germination

Question 9

Galactose

Answer 9

It is found in the milk of mammals, where it forms part of the milk sugar.

Question 10

Sucrose

Answer 10

It is formed from one unit of glucose and one unit of fructose. It is found in sugar cane or beet. It is also present in some.

Question 11

Lactose

Answer 11

This is formed from one unit of glucose and one unit of galactose. It is also found in the milk of mammals, to supply the infant a source of energy. It is also not as sweet as sucrose.

Question 12

Lactose

Answer 12

This is formed from one unit of glucose and one unit of galactose. It is also found in the milk of mammals, to supply the infant a source of energy. It is also not as sweet as sucrose.

Question 13

Sources Of Carbohydrates

Answer 13

bread
beans
milk
corn
potatoes etc.

Question 14

Deficiency diseases

Answer 14

Nausea
Dizzyness
Constipation
Bad breath
Dehydration
Loss of Appetite