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Nutrition > Carbohydrates > Flashcards

Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

carbs are the ____ source of energy

A

primary

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2
Q

stored sugars

A

glycogen

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3
Q

sugars

A

glucose

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4
Q

hormone produced by the pancreas to transfer glycogen to glucose

A

glucagon

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5
Q

what organ creates glucagon

A

pancreas

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6
Q

Functions of carbs (3)

A
  1. provide energy and heat
  2. Protein sparing action
  3. Normal metabolism of fats
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7
Q

DKA

A

Diabetic ketoacidosis

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8
Q

what breathing does a DKA patient show

A

Kussmaul

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9
Q

Diabetic treatment

A

Insulin, IV fluid

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10
Q

Symptoms of high blood sugar

3 p’s

A

Polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia, polyphagia
(sugar high, hot and dry)

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11
Q

Symptoms of low blood sugar

A

Irritable, shaky, confused
(cold and clammy, need some candy)

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12
Q

Type 1 Diabetes- age range

A

Infancy to 31 years

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13
Q

Type 2 Diabetes age range

A

31 years and above

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14
Q

IDDM-1

A

Insulin dependant diabetes mellitus 1

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15
Q

NIDDM-2

A

non-insulin dependant diabetes mellitus 2

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16
Q

Type 1 diabetes abbreviation

A

IDDM-1

17
Q

Type 2 Diabetes abbreviation

A

NIDDM-1

18
Q

3 parts of a grain

A

Bran, Endosperm, Germ

19
Q

Bran of a grain

A

outer shell covering

20
Q

outer shell covering of a grain

A

bran

21
Q

Endosperm of a grain

A

center, used for white flours and rices

22
Q

center of a grain

A

Endosperm

23
Q

Germ of a grain

A

Smallest part of a grain, containing Vitamin B, E, protein and minerals

24
Q

Smallest part of a grain, containing Vitamin B, E, protein and minerals

A

Germ

25
Q

Digestion of Monosaccharides (3 steps)

A
  1. Absorbed by the small intestine
  2. go to blood
  3. change to glucose
26
Q

DIgestion of Disaccharides (2 steps)

A
  1. must be changed to simple sugars by use of enzymes
  2. Turn -ase to -ose
27
Q

Disaccharides are broken down by…

A

Enzymes

28
Q

Digestion of Polysaccharides (4 steps)

A
  1. Ptyalin (amylase) in mouth
  2. changes to dextrin
  3. mix with gastric juices
  4. in small intestine, changes to simple sugar
29
Q

What can hyperglycemia cause the arteries to do

A

close

30
Q

Dextrin

A

Product from cooking a starch

31
Q

Cellulose

A

Indigestible carb found in the skins of fruits and leaves/stems of vegetables

Nutrition (5 decks)

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