Carbonyls

Question 1

Aldol reaction

Answer 1

Two carbonyl molecules joined by α-hydrogen extraction 
Between class II's

Question 2

Aldol condensation

Answer 2

An addition, then elimination to form an enone
Kicks off the alcohol by the addition of H+, forming a C=C double bond
Uses HCl/heat

Question 3

Claissen reaction

Answer 3

Forms β-carbonyl-carbonyl
Attaches the carbonyl molecule to the carbon of the other carbonyl
Carbonyls will be β to each other
Uses MeOK
Between class I's

Question 4

Decarboxylation

Answer 4

Must have carboxylic acid β to carbonyl

Ends with carbon dioxide and the carbonyl molecule minus the carboxylic acid.

Question 5

Enone

Answer 5

Two carbons double bonded with a double bond to oxygen on one

Question 6

Aldol addition

Answer 6

Takes off the alpha hydrogen leaving a negative alpha carbon, slaps the carbonyl molecule on the alpha carbon (double bond to oxygen breaks)
Ends with the original molecule attached to the other carbonyl, which now has an alcohol
Uses MeOK
Between class II’s