Carbs & Lipids

Question 1

Monosaccharide orientation

Answer 1

Dextro (D) (right)

Question 2

A-anomer

Answer 2

OH on 1’ carbon AWAY from 5’

Question 3

B-anomer

Answer 3

OH on 1’ carbon closer to 5’ (buddies)

Question 4

Oligosaccharide (how many)

Answer 4

3-20

Question 5

Polysaccharide (how many)

Answer 5

Many (more than 20?)

Question 6

Cellulose (glucose polymer)

Answer 6

Plant cell walls
B-1,4 glycosidic linkages
Animals cannot digest
Lots of H-bonding between chains

Question 7

Starch (glucose polymer)

Answer 7

Energy storage for PLANTS
a-1,4 glycosidic linkages
Branches: a-1,6 linkages
Animals can digest

Question 8

Glycogen (glucose polymer)

Answer 8

Energy storage for ANIMALS
a-1,4 glycosidic linkages
Branches: a-1,6 linkages
Animals can digest

Question 9

Fatty Acids

Answer 9

Secondary energy source for many organisms

CH2=OH
-O

12-24 carbons

Question 10

Saturated

Answer 10

All C-C bonds

HIGHER Tm (melts slower)

More solid (less fluid)

Question 11

Unsaturated

Answer 11

At least one C=C double bond

LOWER Tm (melts faster)

Less solid (more fluid)

Question 12

Triglycerides

Answer 12

Glycerol (C3H8O3) + THREE fatty acids

Essentially non-polar

Question 13

Phospholipids

Answer 13

Form all cellular membranes

VERY amphipathic

POLAR head and NON-polar tail

Self-organize spontaneously into micelles, liposomes, and lipid bilayers

Question 14

Disaccharide (how many)

Answer 14

2

Question 15

Steroids

Answer 15

Not derived from fatty acids

4 ring structures

Mostly non-polar