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ANATOMY - amr > CARDIO > Flashcards

CARDIO Flashcards

1
Q

what is it called if the pericardial cavity fills with blood

A

Haemopericardium

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2
Q

What can haemopericaridum cause clinically

A

Cardiac tamponade

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3
Q

Where is the needle entered in pericardiocentesis

A

infrasternal angle and directed superioposteriorly

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4
Q

What lies posterior to the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk

A

transverse pericardial sinus

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5
Q

What is the sinus used for

A

cardiopulmonary bypass

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6
Q

Where do you feel to palpate the apex

A

5th intercostal space, midclavicular line

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7
Q

Where is the LAD situated

A

anterior interventricular groove

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8
Q

Where is the right coronary artery situated

A

coronary groove

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9
Q

Where is the coronary sinus located

A

in the atrioventricular groove

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10
Q

1st branch off aorta

A

coronary arteries (NOT brachiocephalic!!!!!!!)

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11
Q

Where is the SA node located

A

Right atrium

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12
Q

Where is the oval fossa located

A

Right atrium

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13
Q

Where is the opening of the coronary sinus located

A

right atrium

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14
Q

Aortic valve cusps

A

right, left, posterior

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15
Q

Pulmonary valve custs

A

right, left, anterior

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16
Q

Mitral valve cups

A

anterior, posterior

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17
Q

Tricuspid valve cusps

A

anterior, posterior, septal

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18
Q

How would you describe the aortic and pulmonary valve design

A

Semi lunar

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19
Q

How would you describe the tricuspid and mitral valve design

A

leaflet

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20
Q

Which valves have papillary muscles

A

tricuspid and mitral

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21
Q

What is the role of the moderator band

A

carries fibres of right bundle branch to papillary muscle of anterior cusp in tricuspid valve

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22
Q

What might you see in the left atrium

A

Remainders of the foramen ovale

23
Q

Where would you listen for the aortic valve

A

2nd right intercostal space, sternal edge

24
Q

Where would you listen for the tricuspid valve

A

4th left intercostal space, sternal edge

25
Q

Where would you listen for the pulmonary valve

A

2nd left intercostal space, sternal edge

26
Q

Where would you listen for the mitral valve

A

5th left intercostal space, midclavicular line

27
Q

which valves close ins1

A

tricuspid and mitral

28
Q

which valves close in S2

A

pulmonary and aortic

29
Q

What does vagal tone do

A

slows heart rate

30
Q

Which spinal nerves go to the heart

A

T1-T5

31
Q

where do AP’s arrive

A

postcentral gyrus of parietal lobe

32
Q

where do AP’s originate

A

precentral gyrus of parietal lobe

33
Q

what does the sensory homunculus illustrate

A

areas where sensations from the body wall enters consciousness

34
Q

most common site of atherosclerosis/occlusion

A

LAD

35
Q

Which vein is used in a CABG

A

Great saphenous vein or internal thoracic artery (mammary) or radial artery

36
Q

What is the AV node supplied by

A

RCA

37
Q

Where is the thoracic inlet

A

in between rib 1, T1 vertebrae and jugular notch

38
Q

What is the thymus replaced by after puberty

A

adipose tissue

39
Q

Which vein can be ruptured in chest trauma

A

Azygous vein

40
Q

Opening for aorta in diaphragm name

A

Aortic hiatus

41
Q

Where does the right lymphatic duct drain into

A

right venous angle

42
Q

Where does the thoracic duct drain into

A

left venous angle

43
Q

Where does lymph from the lungs drain into

A

bronchopulmonary lymph then tracheobronchial lymph then right lymphatic duct/thoracic duct depending on the side

44
Q

What is the swollen start of the thoracic duct in the abdomen called

A

Cisterna chyli

45
Q

What is the ligamentum arteriosum a remnant of

A

Ductus arteriosus

46
Q

At 45 degrees what should the JVP be no more than

A

3cm superior to the sternal angle

47
Q

What does the right recurrent laryngeal nerve hook under?

A

the right subclavian artery

48
Q

What does the left recurrent laryngeal nerve hook under?

A

the arch of the aorta

49
Q

Which of the recurrent laryngeal nerve enters the chest

A

LEFT NOT RIGHT

50
Q

Which rami are the supraclavicular nerves supplied by

A

C3,4

51
Q

Why does inflammation of the gallbladder/liver refer to shoulder

A

they share the same dermatome level - supplied by phrenic (C3,4,5) and supraclavicular (C3,4)

52
Q

Where do the recurrent laryngeal nerves branch off from

A

vagus nerve

53
Q

What does the recurrent laryngeal nerve supply

A

muscles of the larynx

54
Q

Artery supplying the eye

A

Opthalmic artery and central artery of the retina

ANATOMY - amr (3 decks)

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