Cardiology

Question 1

Aortic dissection

Answer 1

Shows a difference of >20 mmHg in systolic BP

Question 2

Major modifiable risk factors of ischemic heart disease

Answer 2

Hyperlipedemia
Hypertension
Obesity 
Smoking 
Physical inactivity 
Diabetes

Question 3

Single most important subgroup of elevated cholesterol level That carries a risk for IHD

Answer 3

LDL

Question 4

Other abnormalities of elevated cholesterol level that carries risk of IHD

Answer 4

Low HDL
High TG
Increased lipoprotein A
Increased total to HDL cholesterol ratio

Question 5

At what BP does the risk of IHD increases

Answer 5

110/75

Question 6

Physical activity and exercise Improves what risk factor of IHD

Answer 6

Increased HDL

Question 7

Unmodefiable risk factors of IHD ?

Answer 7

Age
Gender
Heredity

Question 8

Stable angina

Answer 8

Substernal chest pain 
5-15 minutes 
Radiating to the jaw or the left arm 
Not affected by respiration or position 
Pain upon exertion
Identical symptoms with each attack

Question 9

Most useful test to identify the cause of chronic chest pain

Answer 9

Exercise stress test

Question 10

Positive stress test for MI

Answer 10

1- when ST segment depression is >2mm

2- when there is a crop of >10mmhg in systolic pressure

Question 11

Exercise stress test is contraindicated in

Answer 11

Unstable patients 
1- ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmia 
2- aortic stenosis 
3- aortic dissection 
4- unstable angina 
5- acute MI
6- CHF
7-uncontrolled HTN
8- hypertrophic cardiomyopathy