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Med Term > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

angio

A

vessel

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2
Q

angioplasty

A

surgical procedure that opens a blocked artery by inflating a small balloon within a catheter to widen and retore blood flow in the artery

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3
Q

arteries

A

large blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

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4
Q

capillaries

A

microscopic blood vessels joining arterioles and venules

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5
Q

congenital

A

presence of a disorder at birth, which may result from genetic or environmental causes

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6
Q

metabolism

A

sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place within an organism

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7
Q

veins

A

vessels that return deoxygenated blood to the heart

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8
Q

aneurysm/o

A

widening, widened blood vessels

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9
Q

aort/o

A

aorta

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10
Q

arter/o

A

artery

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11
Q

-scler-

A

hardening

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12
Q

ather/o

A

fatty plaque

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13
Q

atri/o

A

atrium

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14
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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15
Q

coron-

A

heart

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16
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

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17
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

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18
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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19
Q

ven/o

A

vein

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20
Q

thromb/o

A

blood clot

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21
Q

varic/o

A

dilated vein

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22
Q

vas/o

A

vessel; duct

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23
Q

vascul/o

A

vessel

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24
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle

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25
Q

-ose

A

pertaining to; sugar

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26
Q

-cardia

A

heart condition

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27
Q

tachy-

A

rapid

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28
Q

-gram

A

record, writing

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29
Q

-graph

A

instrument for recording

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30
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

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31
Q

-stenosis

A

narrowing, stricture

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32
Q

brady-

A

slow

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33
Q

endo-

A

in, within

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34
Q

epi-

A

above, upon

35
Q

peri-

A

around

36
Q

-um

A

structure, thing

37
Q

aneurysm

A

abnormal widening of a portion of an artery as a result of weakness in its wall, or may be congenital- the larger it becomes, greater risk of rupture

38
Q

angina pectoris

A

mild to severe pain or pressure in the chest caused by ischemia.

39
Q

arrythmia/dysrythmia

A

irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat

40
Q

fibrillation

A

arrythmia where there is rapid, uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium that can affect the atria or ventricles.

41
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of arterial walls; also called hardening of the arteries

42
Q

atherosclerosis

A

most common form of arteriosclerosis caused by accumulation of fatty substances within the arterial walls, resulting in partial and eventually total blockage

43
Q

bruit

A

soft blowing sound heard on auscultation caused by turbulent blood flow

44
Q

embolus

A

mass of undissolved matter (blood clot, fatty plaque, air bubble, etc.) that travels thru bloodstream and becomes lodged in blood vessel.

45
Q

heart block

A

disease of the electrical system of the heart, which controls activity in the heart muscle

46
Q

first-degree heart block

A

atrioventricular (AV) block in which atrial electrical impulses are delayed by a fraction of a second before being conducted to the ventricles.

47
Q

second-degree heart block

A

AV block in which only some atrial electrical impulses are conducted to the ventricles

48
Q

third-degree heart block

A

AV block in which no electrical impulses reach the ventricles; also called complete heart block

49
Q

heart failure

A

occurs when heart is unable to pump enough blood flow to meet the needs of the body and can cause a number of symptoms, such as shortness of breath, leg swelling, and exercise intolerance.

50
Q

hypertension

A

consistently elevated blood pressure, causing damage to the blood vessels and, ultimately, the heart.

51
Q

ischemia

A

inadequate supply of oxygenated blood to a body part as a result of an interruption of blood flow

52
Q

mitral valve prolapse

A

structural abnormality in which the mitral (bicuspid) valve does not close completely; resulting the backflow of blood into the left atrium with each with each contraction.

53
Q

murmur

A

abnormal sound heard on auscultation caused by defects in the valves or chambers of the heart

54
Q

myocardial infarction

A

necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle caused by partial or complete occlusion of one or more coronary arteries; also called a heart attack.

55
Q

patent ductus arteriosus

A

failure to the ductus arteriosus (which connects the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch in a fetus) to close after birth, resulting in an abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta.

56
Q

Raynaud disease

A

severe, sudden vasoconstriction and spasm in fingers and toe followed by cyanosis after exposure to cold temperature or emotional stress

57
Q

rheumatic heart disease

A

streptococcal infection that causes damage to the heart valves and heart muscle, most commonly in children and young adults

58
Q

thrombus

A

a stationary blood clot formed within a blood vessel or within the heart, commonly caused by vascular obstruction; blood clot.

59
Q

deep vein thrombosis

A

formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in one of the deep veins of the lower legs

60
Q

cardiac catheterization

A

insertion of a catheter through a vein or artery, usually of an arm or leg; tube is threaded through blood vessels until it reaches the heart

61
Q

cardiac enzyme studies

A

battery of blood tests performed to determine the presence of cardiac damage

62
Q

doppler ultrasonography

A

ultrasound technique that records blood flow velocity to image major blood vessels to detect obstructions caused by plaque

63
Q

echocardiography

A

ultrasound technique used to image the heart and evaluate how the hearts chambers and valves are working and to diagnose and detect pathological conditions.

64
Q

electrocardiography

A

creation and study of graphic recordings (electrocardiograms) produced by electrical activity generated by the heart muscles; also called cardiography.

65
Q

holter monitor

A

monitoring device worn by a patient that records electrocardiograph readings on a portable recorder while the patient conducts normal daily activities

66
Q

stress test

A

electrocardiography taken under controlled exercise stress conditions while measuring oxygen consumption

67
Q

nuclear stress test

A

electrocardiography that uses a radioisotope to evaluate coronary blood flow

68
Q

troponin

A

blood test that measures protein released into blood by damaged heart muscle and is a highly sensitive, specific indicator of recent myocardial infarction

69
Q

angioplasty

A

surgery that opens a blocked artery by inflating small balloon within a catheter to widen and restore blood flow in the artery

70
Q

cardioversion

A

restoration of normal heart rhythm by applying an electrical countershock to the chest by using a defibrillator; also called defibrillation

71
Q

coronary artery bypass graft

A

bypass surgery in which peripheral veins are removed and each end of the vein is sutured onto the coronary artery to create new routes around narrowed and blocked arteries, allowing sufficient blood flow to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle

71
Q

defibrillator

A

device used to administer a defibrillating electrical shock to restore normal heart rhythm.

72
Q

automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator

A

surgically implanted electrical device that continuously monitors and corrects potentially fatal arrythmias by delivering low-energy shocks to the heart

73
Q

automatic external defibrillator

A

portable computerized device that analyzes the patient’s heart rhythm and delivers in an electrical shock to stimulate a heart in cardiac arrest.

74
Q

endarterectomy

A

surgical removal of the lining of an artery

75
Q

carotid endarterectomy

A

removal of plaque and thromboses from an occluded carotid artery to reduce the risk of stroke

76
Q

endovenous laser therapy

A

treatment of large varicose veins in the legs in which a laser fiber is inserted directly into the affected vein to heat the lining within the vein, causing it to collapse shrink and disappear

77
Q

sclerotherapy

A

chemical injection into a varicose vein that causes inflammation and formation of fibrous tissue which closes the vein

78
Q

valvuloplasty

A

insertion of a balloon catheter into a blood vessel in the groin through the aorta and into the heart to widen a stenotic heart valve and increase blood flow; also called percutaneous valvuloplasty

79
Q

anticoagulants

A

prevent clotting or coagulation of blood

80
Q

beta blockers

A

slow the heart rate and reduce the force with which the heart muscle contracts, lowering blood pressure.

81
Q

nitrates

A

relieve chest pain associated with angina and case symptoms of heart failure

82
Q

statins

A

reduce cholesterol levels in blood and block production of an enzyme in the liver that produces cholesterol

83
Q

thrombolytics

A

dissolve blood clots in a process known as thrombolysis

Med Term (11 decks)

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