Cardiovascular Flashcards
What are the types of true aneurysms?
- Berry (sacular)
- Fusiform
- Mycotic
What is the most common type of aneurysm?
Berry (sacular)
Which type of aneurysm is associated with infection?
Mycotic
What are the criteria to treat a pseudoaneurysm?
- 1 or more of the following:
- 5mm or greater in size
- located in the posterior
circulation - has odd, non-smooth morphology
- significant changes in size and shape between monitoring visits
What are the management options for an aneurysm?
- clipping (open surgery)
- coiling
- medical management if <10mm and no hx of SAH
What is the criteria for medical management of an aneurysm?
- < 10mm in size and pt has not PMH of SAH
What are the potential complications r/t an aneurysm?
- vasospasm
- rebleed
- hydrocephalus d/t block of CSF flow resulting in dilation of the ventricular system
- seizures
- increased ICP
What type of fluid is NaCl 0.9%
crystalloid
What type of solution is LR?
crystalloid
Dextrose containig solutions are what type of solutions?
crystalloid
Which type of solution is the first choice for fluid resuscitation?
crystalloid
- NS 0.9% or LR
What affect does a unit of red blood cells have on the hematocrit?
increases by 3%
What affect does a unit of red blood cells have on the hemoglobin value?
increases by 1 g/dL
Albumin is what type solution?
colloid
What are signs of low intravascular blood volume requiring fluid resuscitation?
- hypotension
- low CVP (< 8 mmHg)
- low PCWP (< 4 mmHg)
- UO < 0.5mL/kg/hr
- excess fluid loss (bleed, emesis, diarrhea, sepsis, high UO)
