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Pharmacology > Cardiovascular and Respiratory > Flashcards

Cardiovascular and Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Antlarrhythmic Drugs

A

given to correct variations from normal heart rhythmic

  • beta blockers block epinephrine that may overexcited the heart and blood vessels
  • calcium-channel block and the entrance of calcium into cells
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2
Q

Antihypertensive

A

=drugs fight high blood pressure

  1. diruretics
  2. angiotensin-covering enzyme
  3. angiotension II receptor blockers
  4. beta blockers
  5. vasodilators
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3
Q

Vasoconstrictors

A

=narrow blood vessels and raise blood pressure

necessary to get blood moving during cardiac or respiratory failure

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4
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

a condition where plaque builds up in the arteries

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5
Q

Anticoagulants

A

may be used to break up clots that form within blood vessels; thus, they’re effective for patients w/ thrombosis or embolism (blood thinners)

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6
Q

Cholesterol-Lowering Drugs

A

-cholesterol possible contribute to atherosclerosis

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7
Q

Angiotensin-Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitor (ARNI)

A

improve the way the improve the way the heart works and reduce deaths related to heart failure

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8
Q

If Channel Blockers

A

irabrainde (coplanar) anticoagulants and antiplatelets treat conditions like DVT and pulmonary embolism and to prevent stroke in patients

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9
Q

Iantiplatelets

A

used to prevent clotting and used to prevent heart attack and stroke in patients who are at high risk

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10
Q

Anticogulants

A

-never oral that don’t requires same rigor as warfarin but may not be appropriate alternative

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11
Q

Antiplatetelets

A
  • aspirin
  • clopidogrel (plauxix)
  • pragurel 9effient)
  • tricagrelor (brilinta)
  • ticolpidine (Ticlid)
  • Cilostazeol (pletal)
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12
Q

Warfarin (Coumadin)

A
  • firs available

- rigorous monitoring

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13
Q

Diuretics

A

medicines that promote excretion of sodium, along w/ large amounts of water, from the kidneys

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14
Q

Anhydrase

A

is enzyme involved in the normal kidney function of urine formation and water retention

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15
Q

Nephron

A

functional unit of the kidney where urine formation

-loop of Henie=portion of the nephron that contains the greatest concentration of urine (most effective)

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16
Q

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

A

keep potassium within body

17
Q

Respiratory Drugs

A 
antihistamines 
antiussives 
decongestant 
expectorants
bronchodilators 
metered-dose inhalers (MDIs)
18
Q

Antacids

A

medications that neutralize me hydrochloric acid that causes heart burn and pain from ulcers, esophagitis, or other stomach problems (neutralize stomach over)

19
Q

Anticulceratives

A

go beyond neutralizing stomach acids they decrease the amount of acid secreted

20
Q

Cathartics

A

relieve constipation and may also be given to stimulate defecation for diagnostic or operative purposes

21
Q

Antidiarrheals

A

stop diarrhea

22
Q

Antiemetics

A

drug that inhibit nausea and vomiting

-counteract dizziness, motion sickness, and labyrinthitis (inflammation of the inner ear)

23
Q

Reduce Excess Stomach Acid

A

antacids, H2 receptor antagonists and proton=pump inhibitors

24
Q

Proton-Pump inhibitors (PPI)

A

GERD (turn off pump that produce acid)

25
Q

H2 Receptor antagonists

A

block specific receptors in the gastrointestinal tract from the actions of histamine (reduce secretion)

26
Q

Acute Diarrhea

A

-is characterized by sudden onset of frequent, liquid stools

27
Q

Constipation

A
  1. stimulant (powerful)= increase propulsive peristaltic activity in intestine
  2. bulk-forming laxative
  3. emolleints and lubricants
  4. saline-type laxatives
28
Q

Simethische

A

oral antigas agents (dispersing and preventing the formation of muscus-surrounded gas pockets)

29
Q

Hemorrhoids

A

swollen, inflamed veins around anus

30
Q

Antibiotics

A

treat bacterial infections

31
Q

Otics

A

treat ear problems (drops)

32
Q

Antihistamines

A

when body produces too much histamine corticosteroids

33
Q

Decongerstant-Vascontrictors

A

(eye allergies and provide) relief of redness caused by minor eye irriations

34
Q

Artificial Tears (Demulcents)

A

relieve dryness and irration

35
Q

Eye washes

A

plain distilled water that contains no active ingredient

36
Q

Analgesics

A

inhibit the passage of pain impulses

37
Q

Anticonvulsants

A

seizures that results from overstimulation of nerve cells in the brain can often be controlled w/ anticonvulsants

Pharmacology (12 decks)

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