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biol112 lecture > cardiovascular system: blood > Flashcards

cardiovascular system: blood Flashcards

1
Q

what are the components of blood?

A

plasma & cellular elements

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2
Q

what are the compositions of plasma?

A

water, ions, organic molecules, elements & vitamins, gases

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3
Q

what is the percentage of water in plasma?

A

> 90%

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4
Q

what ions are involved within plasma?

A

sodium, potassium, calcium

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5
Q

what organic molecules are in plasma?

A

amino acids, plasma proteins, blood glucose, lipids, nitrogenous waste

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6
Q

what is the function of albumins?

A

it keeps blood in bloodstream

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7
Q

where are albumins made?

A

in the liver

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8
Q

what is the function of globulins?

A

immunity

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9
Q

where are globulins made?

A

by the leukocytes

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10
Q

what is the function of blood glucose?

A

energy to cell

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11
Q

give an example of a lipid and its function

A

triglycerides - delivers nutrients to cells

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12
Q

give an example of nitrogenous waste and its function

A

urea - cells produce nitrogenous waste & blood transports to kidney

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13
Q

give an example of dissolved gases

A

CO2 (waste product) & O2 (nutrient)

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14
Q

what are erythrocytes?

A

red blood cells

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15
Q

what is the function of erythrocytes?

A

carry O2 to body cell

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16
Q

what are leukocytes?

A

white blood cells

17
Q

what is the function of leukocytes?

A

immunity

18
Q

what is the average percent of RBCs in males?

A

45%

19
Q

what is the average percent of RBCs in females?

A

42%

20
Q

what are thrombocytes?

A

platelets

21
Q

what is the function of thrombocytes?

A

helps with coagulation (clotting)

22
Q

where are erythrocytes, leukocytes & thrombocytes made?

A

in red bone marrow

23
Q

define hematocrit

A

blood count; percentage of RBCs in whole blood

24
Q

define hemopoiesis

A

formation of cellular element

25
Q

where does hemopoiesis occur?

A

in the red bone marrow

26
Q

what are the 3 types of hemopoiesis?

A

erythropoiesis, leukopoiesis, thrombopoiesis

27
Q

what is erythropoiesis?

A

formation of RBCs

28
Q

what is leukopoiesis?

A

formation of WBCs

29
Q

what is thrombopoiesis?

A

formation of thrombocytes

30
Q

what hormone regulates erythopoiesis?

A

erythropoietin (EPO); made in kidneys

31
Q

what stimulating factor(s) regulate leukopoiesis?

A

colony-stimulating factors

32
Q

what hormone regulates thrombopoiesis?

A

thrombopoietin; made in liver

33
Q

define hematostasis

A

stopping blood loss

34
Q

what are the general steps of hematostasis?

A
  1. vasoconstriction vessel
  2. platelet plug formation
  3. coagulation
  4. formation of fibrin
35
Q

what is hemophilia?

A

inability to clot

36
Q

what is the common cause of hemophilia?

A

missing clotting factor

biol112 lecture (13 decks)

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