Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Finals > Caries > Flashcards

Caries Flashcards

1
Q

What causes caries?

A
  1. Time
  2. Sugar
  3. Surface
  4. Time

= Fermentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the Turku study

A
  • 115 participants
  • Three different sugar groups (sucrose, fructose and xylitol)
  • Each sugar group consumed 3 -7 gum sticks for 2 years
  • Sucrose more cariogenic then fructose not as cariogenic then xylitol was non cariogenic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the Vipeholm study

A
  • Vipeholm Sweden male pateints of the Vipeholm instituation for intellectual disabilites
  • Variables were sticky sugar, non sticky sugar, with meals, inbetween meals
  • 5 groups of types of sugar, sucrose, bread, chocolate, caramel and toffee
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 4 lesion zones of enamel caries?

A
  1. Translucent zone
  2. Dark zone
  3. Body of lesion
  4. Surface zone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens during the translucent zone?

A
  • 1st caries change
  • Enamel undergoes demineralization caused by acid
  • Calcium and phosphate are being dissolved appearing translucent
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What happens during dark zone?

A
  • Deeper breakdown of enamel
  • Microsopic proes and fissues visible and filled with bacteria byproducts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens in the body of lesion?

A
  • Significant breakdown
  • Minerals in enamel matrix are dissolved
  • Enamel is soft and porous
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens during surface zone?

A
  • Redeposition of minerals dissolved from deeper layers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How does enamel caries present?

A

Chalky white spot lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does arrested enamel caries present?

A

Glossy white spot lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How to detect enamel caries?

A
  • Transillumination
  • Radiograph
  • Visual
  • Fluorescence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 3 histology stages to dentine caries

A
  1. Destruction
  2. Invasion
  3. Advancing front
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What happens during destruction?

A
  • Enamel is cavitated and bacteria infect dentine
  • Dentine becomes necrotic and liquifies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happens during invasion?

A
  • Dentine tubules are invaded by bacteria which then multiply within the tubule lumen
  • Dentine decalcifies with acid and the bacteria dissolves proteins and collagen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens during advacning front?

A
  • Acid produced by bacteria travels down dental tubules
  • No bacteria in this zone only lactic acid
  • Closest to pulp
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the cause of breakdown of enaneml?

A
  • Strep mutans have converted into lactic acid
  • Lactic acid causes a decrease in pH
  • This leads to demineralization
17
Q

What bacteria are involved in caries?

A
  1. Streptococcus mutans
  2. Streptococcus sobrinus
  3. Lactobacillus species
18
Q

What bacteria are linked to root caries?

A
  1. Lactobacilli
  2. Actinomyces
19
Q

Give examples of non surgical treatments of caries

A
  • Fluoride treatments (varnish, gels, and foams)
  • Fissure sealants
  • Antibacterial mouthwash (chlorhexidine)
  • Diet advice
20
Q

Give examples of surgical treatments of caries

A
  • Restorations
  • Crowns
  • RCT
  • Implant
  • Dentures
  • Bridges
21
Q

Describe the mode of action of fluoride

A
  • Remineralizes the enamel as it speeds up growth of new fluorapatite crystals by bringing calcium and phosphate ions together
  • Interferes with the metabolism of bacteria in plaque which reduces the ability of bacteria to produce acids
22
Q

What pH does enamel dissolve in?

A

5.5 critical pH

23
Q

What is Stephan curve?

A
  • Shows fall in pH below critical level after an intake of carbohydrates, acidic liquid and sugar
  • Initial pH drop after consumption and acid is produced, causes rapid decrease in pH
  • pH recovery when salvia buffers acids and helps neutralise environment
24
Q

How is the position of caries classed?

A

Class 1 - 5

25
Q

Where is class 1 caries?

A

Pits and fissures

26
Q

Where is class 2 caries?

A

Interdental posterior teeth

27
Q

Where is class 3 caries?

A

Interdental anterior teeth

28
Q

Where is class 4 caries?

A

Incisal edge

29
Q

Where is class 5 caries?

A

Cervical margin

30
Q

How is the diagnosis of caries classed?

A
  1. Sound
  2. Initial
  3. Moderate
  4. Advanced
31
Q

What does a sound lesion look like?

A

No clinically detected signs, appears normal

32
Q

What does an initial lesion look like?

A
  • Earliest clinical detection with mild demineralization
  • Limited to enamel, white or brown chalky
33
Q

What does a moderate lesion look like?

A

Visible signs of enamel breakdown with signs the dentine is moderately demineralized

34
Q

What does an advanced lesion look like?

A

Enamel is fully cavitated and dentine exposed

Finals (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions