CCH4U1 Flashcards
What are the Properties of Metals?
Hard and Tensile - Strong Electrostatic force of attraction between the oppositely charged particles
Good Conductors of heat and electricity - The freely moving delocalised electrons.
High melting points - Due to a large amount of force being needed to break the strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged particles.
Lustruous and Reflective - When freshly cut of polished.
Malleable and Ductile - To the layers of metal ions strongly being held together through the delocalized electrons hence why the layers can easily move past each other.
What does the metallic Bonding model state?
Positive metal cations are in a closely packed arrangement whereas the negatively charged electrons delocalized electrons move freely throughout the lattice
What is reactivity of metals reacting with Water, Acid, Oxygen and other metal ions?
Reactivity of a metal Depends on its tendency to lose its valence electrons which is also known as oxidation
Water → hydrogen gas → vigorous bubbling (vigorousness of the reaction determines the reactivity)
→ going down a group the metal reactivity with water increases.
Acid → Same pattern as water, if not more rigorous
Oxygen → Oxide → naturally occurring metals in the Earth’s crust.
→ unreactive metals such as gold and platinum exist in the Earth’s crust in their purest form.
Other Metal Ions → More reactive metal iron will displace the iron of the less reactive metal .
What is the Reactivity Series?
Group 1 Metals → Most Reactive
Transition Metals → Least Reactive
What does Metal Recycling State?
Ore → Natural Compound containing metal or silicate
The Blast Furnace → Extraction of Iron from ore and remove unwanted materials
What does Metal Recycling Reduce and what are the Environmental Issues with mining?
Reduces →
→ Raw Materials
→ Waste
→ Water Pollution
→ Air Pollution
→ Energy Use
Environmental Issues with mining →
→ Loss of Landscape
→ Air pollution from extraction process
→ disposal of slag
→ noise pollution
What is the Linear Economy?
Take → Make → Use → Dispose
What is the Circular Economy?
→ Designs products to be reused
→ Aim → Sustainaibility through waste/pollution reduction
Materials → production → use →
↑ ←←←←←←←←←←←←←recycling
→ Saves up to 20x energy → uses less energy than is needed to extract metals directly from their ore.
→ avoiding use of metal as landfill.
→ reducing CO2 emissions compared to mining
→ minimizing the impact of mining on land and water
What are the properties of Transition metals compared to other metals?
→Harder
→higher density
→higher melting points
→some have strong magnetic properties
