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CCMA > CCMA NHS > Flashcards

CCMA NHS Flashcards

1
Q

Four goals of value-based care plan

A

Improved patient outcomes
Improved patient satisfaction
Lower cost
Health care professional well-being

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2
Q

Examples of schedule II substances

A

Morphine, methadone, oxycodone, fentanyl, amphetamine

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3
Q

Conversion for pounds to kilograms

A

2.2 lb = 1 kg

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4
Q

Nonparenteral route of medication administration

A

Oral

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5
Q

Injectable parenteral routes for medication administration

A

Intradermal, intramuscular, subcutaneous

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6
Q

Four actions of pharmacokinetics

A

Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

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7
Q

Rights of medication administration

A

Right patient, medication, dose, time, route, technique, and documentation

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8
Q

Six primary nutrients

A

Water, carbohydrates, protein, fat, minerals, and vitamins

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9
Q

Warning signs of anorexia

A

Self-starvation, perfectionism, excessive fear of weight gain, amenorrhea, excessive exercising

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10
Q

Three befores of medication administration

A

The first time to check the medication label is when taking the medication container from the storage cabinet or drawer.
The second is when taking the medication from its container to prepare to administer it.
The third check is when putting the container back in storage or discarding it.

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11
Q

Percentage of water in human body.

A

50% to 80%

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12
Q

Planes of the body

A

Sagittal, transverse, frontal

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13
Q

Body cavities

A

Cranial, spinal, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic

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14
Q

Body’s first defense against illness and injury

A

Skin

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15
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Consists of 80 bones, including skull, vertebrae, and ribs

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16
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Consists of 126 bones, including arms, legs, and pelvic girdle

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17
Q

Four components of the muscular system

A

Skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, tendons

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18
Q

Function of monocytes

A

Engulf and destroy pathogens that have been coagulated with anitbodies

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19
Q

Functions of the skin

A

Protection, temperature regulation, excretion, sensation, vitamin D production

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20
Q

Examples of long bones

A

Femur, humerus, tibia, fibula, ulna, radius

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21
Q

Examples of irregular bones

A

Vertebrae, pelvis

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22
Q

Example of involuntary muscle movement

A

Digestion, heart pumping

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23
Q

Function of the lymphatic system

A

Prevent infections in the body
Naturally acquired active immunity
Artificially acquired active immunity
Naturally acquired passive immunity
Artificially acquired passive immunity

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24
Q

Types of primary immunity

A

Artificially acquired
Passive immunity

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25
Q

Three layers of the heart muscle

A

The epicardium (outermost layer), myocardium (middle layer, thickest), and endocardium (inner layer, which is part of the electrical conduction system)

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26
Q

Primary function of the urinary system

A

Responsible for filtering blood to remove waste products

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27
Q

Components of the central nerval system

A

Brain and spinal cord

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28
Q

Components of peripheral nervous system

A

Peripheral nerves found throughout the body, broken down further into to seperate branches—the somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system

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29
Q

Examples of diagnostic imaging

A

X-rays, computed tomography (CT), angiography, mammography, and nuclear medicine studies

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30
Q

Most commonly used combining vowel

A

“O”

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31
Q

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

A

Stroke

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32
Q

Generativity vs. Stagnation

A

This is the psychosocial crisis for middle adults. Generativity is the successful outcome of this stage. Stagnation is tje unsuccessful outcome.

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33
Q

Examples of socioeconomic stressors

A

Financial concerns, loss of investments, identity theft, lack of job security, involuntary job loss, loss of a home or vehicle

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34
Q

Examples of defense mechanisms

A

Apathy, compensation, conversion, denial, displacement, intellectualization, projection, physical avoidance, verbal aggression

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35
Q

Stages of grief

A

Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

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36
Q

Dorsal recumbent position

A

The patient is lying flat on the back with knees bent and feet flat on the examination table.

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37
Q

Three pieces of information needed when calculating a medication dosage

A

The desired dose (D)
The dosage strength or supply on hand (H)
The medication’s unit of measurement or quantity of unit (Q)

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38
Q

Forms of medication

A

Tablets
Capsules
Oral suspension
Emulsions
Lozenges
Liquid

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39
Q

Three medication checks

A

The first check is comparing the medication order to the medication.
The second check occurs when preparing the medication for administration.
The third check is completed when regurning the medication back to the shelf.

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40
Q

Symptoms of severe allergic reaction

A

Abdominal pain, coughing, diarrhea, dyspnea, dysphagia, swelling of the face, nausea and vomiting, convulsions, and unconsciousness

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41
Q

Subcutaneous injection sites

A

Upper outer arm, abdominal region, and the upper thigh and lower back/upper buttocks

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42
Q

Where a tuberculosis (TB) test is administered

A

Via intradermal on the forearm

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43
Q

Angle to administer a subcutaneous injection

A

45 degrees from the surface of the skin to penetrate the layers of the skin but not deep enough to enter any muscle tissue

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44
Q

Angle to administer an intradermal injection

A

The angle of the needle is almost parallel to the skin, or 5 to 15 degrees.

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45
Q

Amount of medication that can be administered into ventrogluteal

A

3 mL of medication

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46
Q

Common sites for intramuscular injection

A

Deltoid (shoudler), ventrogluteal (outer hip), and vastus lateralis (upper, outer thigh) muscles

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47
Q

Proper psositions for Mayo stand when setting up a sterile field

A

Adjust the stand to slightly above waist and at least 12 inches from the body.

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48
Q

Size of the area around the sterile drape that’s considered nonsterile

A

At least 1 inch

49
Q

Amount of time nonabsorbable sutures remain in

A

Typically 5-6 days

50
Q

Postoperative problems that need reporting

A

Unusual pain or burning; swelling, redness, or discolouration; bleeding or other drainage; fever over 100 degrees and nausea and vomiting

51
Q

Signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion

A

Muscle cramping, which results from an electrolyte imbalance caused by loss of sodium from sweating, perspiration, and pale and clammy skin

52
Q

Treatment for an obstructed airway

A

Abdominal thrusts are effective for forcing an obstruction for the airway for adults and children older than 1 year of age. A combination of chest thrusts and back slaps are effective for infants younger than 1 year old.

53
Q

Treatments for sprains or strains

A

Resting and elevating the injured area, applying cold compresses, wearing a bandage or brace, and the use of anti-inflammatory medications

54
Q

Causes of shock

A

Trauma, electrical injury, insulin shock, hemorrhage, or as a reaction or drugs

55
Q

Early signs of anaphylactic reaction

A

Pale and clammy skin, weakness, and restlessness, rapid pulse and respiration rate with possible vomiting

56
Q

Signs and symptoms of poisoning

A

Discoloration or burns on the lips, unusual odor, emesis (vomiting), or presence of a suspicious container

57
Q

Four classification types of wounds

A

Abrasion, incision, laceration, puncture

58
Q

Signs of inflammation

A

Redness, swelling, warmth, and pain

59
Q

Signs of first-degree (superficial) burn

A

Redness, discolored, slight swelling can occur

60
Q

Treatment for chest pain in an emergency

A

Nitroglycerin, sublingual or spray

61
Q

Symptoms of myocardial infarction

A

Chest pain; discomfort in center or left side of chest; pain or discomfort in one or both arms, the back, shoulders neck, or jaw or above the belly button; shortness of breath; excessive sweating; nausea; dizziness; rapid heart rate

62
Q

Purpose of infection control

A

Minimize and remove a variety of disease-causing microorganisms from the health care environment

63
Q

Mode of transmission for pertissis

A

Direct contact with respiratory secretion droplets

64
Q

Examples of viruses

A

Rhinovirus (common cold)
Varicella (chicken pox)
HIV/AIDS
Hepatitis
Coronavirus

65
Q

Examples of bacteria

A

E. Coli (urinary tract infections)
Vibrio cholerae (cholera)
Bordetella pertussis (whooping cough)

66
Q

Examples of fungi

A

Histoplasmosis (lung infection passed on by certain bird/bat droppings)
Tinea pedis (athlete’s foot)
Candida albicans (yeast infection)

67
Q

Examples of parasites

A

Toxoplasmosis
Pinworm
Tapeworm
Scabies
Lice
Lyme disease

68
Q

Chain of infection cycle

A

Infectious agent
Reservoir/source
Portal of exit
Mode of transmission
Portal of entry to host
Susceptible host

69
Q

Signs and symptoms of infectious disease

A

Fever, swollen lymph nodes, chills, pain, tachycardia, fatigue, nausea, headache

70
Q

Three transmission-based precautions

A

Contact, droplet, airborne

71
Q

Requirements for employer’s exposure control plan

A

Engineering controls, workplace controls, hepatitis B vaccinations, post-exposure follow-up, labels and signs to communicate hazards, information and training to employees, documented employee medical training records

72
Q

Cheap and effective disinfection agent

A

1:10 bleach solution

73
Q

Example of high-level disinfection

A

Cidex

74
Q

Information required on laboratory requisition

A

Patient demographic information, ordering provider’s information, requested test identified, source of the specimen, date and time of specimen collection, and diagnosis code

75
Q

Examples of point-of-care testing

A

Pregnancy testing, rapid streptococcus testing, urinalysis, hemoglobin, hematocrit

76
Q

Swabbing location for streptococcus testing

A

Both sides of posterior throat/tonsil area

77
Q

Hormone present in blood and urine during pregnancy.

A

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

78
Q

Types of Urine specimen collection

A

Random, first morning, clean-catch midstream, 24 hour, and catheterized collection

79
Q

Types of urine specimen collections

A

Midstream, 24-hour, catheterization

80
Q

Foods and medications to avoid prior to collection of stool specimens

A

Red meats or dyes, aspirin or aspirin products, vitamin C, and iron supplements

81
Q

Reference range for hemoglobin for male and female

A

Male: 13.5 to 17.5 g/dL
Female: 12 to 16 g/dL

82
Q

Reference range for hematocrit for male and female

A

Male: 41% to 53%
Female: 36% to 46%

83
Q

Reference range for fasting glucose

A

70 to 100 mg/dL

84
Q

Reference range for total cholesterol

A

130 to 200 mg/dL

85
Q

Preanalytical errors

A

Inappropriate test request
Order entry error
Misidentification of the patient
Inappropriate container
Improper labeling of specimen
Inadequate sample collection
Inadequate sample/anticoagulation ratio

86
Q

Level of hearing for an adult who has normal hearing

A

Below 25 decibels

87
Q

Patient preparation for spirometry testing

A

No large meals 2 hours before the test.
No smoking 1 hour before the test.
Discontinue the use of bronchodilators or other breathing therapies (inhalers, nebulizers) for at least 6 hours before the test.

88
Q

Typical size of vacutainer needles

A

20 to 22 gauge with length of 3/4 inch to 1 1/2 inches

89
Q

Number of inversions for red/gray marbled vacuum tube

A

5

90
Q

Maximum amount of time allowed to leave tourniquet on

A

1 minute

91
Q

Preferred puncture site for obtaining capillary puncture

A

Middle or ring finger of the nondominant hand for adults and children; underside of the heel for infants

92
Q

Order of draw for microcapillary tube

A

Blood gases
EDTA tubes
Other additive tubes
Serum tubes

93
Q

Amount of time a tube must stand upright before being centrifuged

A

30 to 45 minutes to allow the blood to clot

94
Q

Examples of preanalyitical errors

A

Mislabeling of specimens, errors in patient identification, mislabeling of specimen tubes, sample collection errors, insufficient quantity for testing, and incorrect handling or transporting processes

95
Q

Additive in light blue vacuum tube

A

Sodium citrate

96
Q

Color of tube required for a complete blood count (CBC)

A

Lavender

97
Q

Order of draw for vacuum tubes

A

Blood cultures, light blue, red, red/gray, green, green/gray, lavender, gray

98
Q

Position of bevel when performing phlebotomy

A

Facing upward

99
Q

Main components of blood

A

Plasma, white cells, red cells, and platelets

100
Q

Four types of blood specimens

A

Serum, plasma, clotted, and whole blood

101
Q

Occurs during the QRS wave phase

A

Ventricular depolarization, contraction of the ventricle

102
Q

Occurs during the T wave

A

Ventricular repolarization, relaxation of the ventricles

103
Q

Causes of a somatic tremor artifact

A

Muscle movement

104
Q

Causes of AC interference

A

Poor grounding or external electricity interference

105
Q

Causes of wandering baseline

A

Movement associated with breathing or poor elctrode connection

106
Q

Causes of interrupted baseline

A

Disconnected or broken lead wire

107
Q

Bipolar leads

A

Leads I, II, and III

108
Q

Unipolar leads

A

Leads aVL, aVR, and aVF

109
Q

Lead colors for extremities

A

White: right arm
Black: left arm
Red: left leg
Green: right leg

110
Q

Location of V1 and V2

A

V1: right side of the sternum at the fourth intercostal space
V2: left side of the sternum, directly across from V1 at the fourth intercostal space

111
Q

Location of V6

A

V6: left side of the chest, fifth intercostal space, midaxillary line

112
Q

Patient preparation prior to EKG

A

Avoid applying substances to the skin, such as lotions, creams, oils, and ointments

113
Q

Patient instructions when performing EKG

A

Explain that they must lie still, breathe normally, and not talk while the EKG is being recorded

114
Q

Standardization mark size

A

10 mm high

115
Q

Five core components of patient-centered medical home (PCMH)

A

Comprehensive care, patient-centered care, coordinated care, accessible services, quality and safety commitments

116
Q

Causes directly associated with increased risk of rehospitalizations during transition of care

A

Lack of communication

117
Q

Educational topics for preventative care

A

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, preventive wellness and screenings, cancer screenings, counseling on health eating, treating depression, and reducing alcohol use

118
Q

Suggested criteria for screening for breast cancer

A

The American Cancer Society recommends that screening starts at age 40

CCMA (5 decks)

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