Cell Differentiation Flashcards
What are humans?
Multi-cellular organisms made up of ten trillion cells containing the exact same genetic information
What is a specialized cell?
A cell that is suited to its function. e.g - nerve cell
What is the name of a single fertilized cell?
A Zygote
Where is genetic information stored in the zygote?
In the nucleus of the cell.
What happens when the zygote splits?
Zygote splits in two, there may be more cytoplasm in one than the other - (Differentiation).
What is differentiation?
The process in which cells become adapted to suit a part of the body.
When does differentiation take place in a fetus?
After the sixteen cell stage. Each cell releases chemical signals that causes certain genes to be switched on or off. e.g. salivary amylase production gene is witched on in cells in the salivary glands.
What happens in large organisms?
specialized cells are grouped into tissues. Muscle cells for example produce muscle and the cells can contract or relax.
How is Glandular tissue created.
Certain cells can differentiate into cells that can secrete, these cells secrete enzymes and hormones and contain the gene for glandular tissue which is switched on.
What is a Tissue
Group of cells grouped together
What is an Organ?
An organ is a group of tissues that work together to carry out a specific function. e.g. the heart.
Tissues of the stomach organ?
- ) Muscular tissue to churn food and aid in mechanical digestion
- ) Glandular tissue secretes pepsin hormone that aids in digestion
- ) Epithelial tissue - protects stomach lining from the PH of HCL
What is an Organ System?
Group of organs working together to carry out a specific function.
