Cell division

Question 1

What is mitosis?

Answer 1

Where cells divide for bodily functions and maintenance

Question 2

What is meiosis?

Answer 2

Where a cell is permanently developed into a sex cell which can’t be developed until fertilization

Question 3

What are the stages of the cell cycle?

Answer 3

G1 phase: cell grows before DNA replication
S (synthesis) phase: DNA replication occurs
G2 phase: cell prepares itself for division
M (mitosis) phase: nucleus divides, involves prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase
C (cytokinesis) phase: Division of cytoplasmic contents
G0 phase: only for cells that no longer undergo division when they exit the cell cycle

Question 4

What are the phases of mitosis?

Answer 4

Prophase: Chromosomes become visible in the nucleus. Spindle fibres form at two centrioles
Metaphase: Chromosomes line up in the equator and spindle fibres attach themselves to them
Anaphase: Spindle fibres pull apart sister chromosomes towards opposite poles of the cell
Telophase: New nuclei form around two groups of chromatids

Question 5

What is a centromere?

Answer 5

The point that joins chromatids together to form a chromosome

Question 6

What is binary fission?

Answer 6

Cell division of prokaryotes whose cells are not enclosed by a membrane

Question 7

What is the difference between meiosis I and meiosis II?

Answer 7

Meiosis I involves combination of chromosomes, Meiosis II has chromosomes already crossed over