cell division + stem cells

Question 1

what is a chromosome

Answer 1

a coiled thread-like structure made of protein and a single molecule of DNA

Question 2

what is a stem cell

Answer 2

an undifferentiated cell capable of giving rise t many more cells of the same type

Question 3

describe the function of stem cells in embryos

Answer 3

to develop into multiple cell types aiding in the development of the embryo into a mature organism

Question 4

describe the function of stem cells in adult animals

Answer 4

to be the source of cells used in the growth and repair of the mature animal

Question 5

describe the function of stem cells in meristems

Answer 5

to allow a plant to keep growing throughout its life by specialising into any type of cell

Question 6

what is a potential use of stems cells in medicine

Answer 6

to treat conditions where have been damaged e.g diabetes, paralysis

Question 7

what is the principle of therapeutic cloning

Answer 7

an embryo is produced with the same genes as the patient

Question 8

give an advantage of therapeutic cloning

Answer 8

no rejection of the new cells by the patient

Question 9

give two potential problems with therapeutic cloning

Answer 9

1. risk of viral infection 2. religious/ethical objections around the use of embryos

Question 10

how are plant stem cells used in horticulture

Answer 10

to create plant cuttings

Question 11

give two advantages of the use of clones in horticulture

Answer 11

1. rare species can be cloned to prevent extinction, 2. crops with special adaptations can be identical

Question 12

give two advantages of the use of clones in horticulture

Answer 12

1. rare species can be cloned to prevent extinction, 2. crops with special adaptations can be identically produced in large numbers