cell injury

Question 1

define lethal cell injury

Answer 1

injury producing cell death

Question 2

define sublethal cell injury

Answer 2

injury which may be reversible or progress to cell death

Question 3

causes of cell injury

Answer 3

oxygen deprivation (leading to ischaemia e.g. myocardial infarction), chemical agents, infectious agents, immunological reactions, genetic defects, nutritional imbalances, physical agents, aging

Question 4

what does the response to cell injury depend on

Answer 4

type of cell, type of injury, state of cell (e.g. dividing cell more vulnerable to agents), duration, severity

Question 5

what aspects of a cell are particular vulnerable to cell injury

Answer 5

cell membrane integrity, ATP generation, protein synthesis, integrity of genetic apparatus (DNA and RNA); as integrally related, multiple secondary effects rapidly occur

Question 6

what is lost before cell death

Answer 6

cellular function (so loses function before morphological changes are visible)

Question 7

light microscopic changes associated with reversible injury

Answer 7

if excess alcohol, reversible fatty change causing cellular swelling (ballooning)

Question 8

light microscopic changes associated with irreversible injury

Answer 8

coagulative necrosis, liquefactive necrosis, casueous necrosis, fat necrosis