Cell Metabolism Flashcards
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Metaboli reaction
This is whenenergy is required
Metabolism
Set of all chemical reactions in the body , in each cell
Enzymes
Organic catalysts that alter the rate of reaction without being consumed themselves in the reaction
Enzyme molecular stricuture
3D structures due to the folding of peptide chains
Enzyme specify
Enzymes are specific , they only have 1 substrate
It’s active site matches the shape of it’s substrate
When shape is changed (denatured) it can’t do is job properly
Denatured enzymes
Enzymes shape is changed due to extreme temperatures / pH
The shape of it’s active site is changed therfore does not match shape of substrate and does not work effiecently
Induced fit theory / active site theory
When a substrate joins an enzyme the enzyme will change it’s shape slightly to be a better fit for the substrate
Optimum conditions
The ph / temprature that an enzyme works it’s best at
Ph graph
No enzyme activity until the optimum pH and then no rate again (denatured)
Temprature graph
Rate increases and it’s peak is at optimum temp. After it rate decrease until no mor reacting
Catalase
Optimum temp. 25'C Optimum pH 9 Substrate hydrogen peroxide Product Water & O2 (Learn exp,)
App,ication of enzymes
Yeast is used in brewing industry to form akcohol from glucose
Used in dairy industry to make xheese
Immobilised enzymes
Enzymes wich are attatched to each other or an inert material
Advantages of immobilised enzymes
Re usable
Cheaper
More stable enzymes
Easier to purify product
