Cell Pathology

Question 1

Define Pathogenesis

Answer 1

Changes that occur (morphological and molecular) from time of cellular injury

Question 2

What are two key things cells must have to survive?

Answer 2

Oxygen (metabolism)

Membrane (protection from harsh environment)

Question 3

What activity is most likely to be observed directly following reversible cell injury?
A. Lysosomal degradation of toxins
B. Mitochondrial ETC
C. Production of signaling proteins
D. Release of specialized secretions

Answer 3

B. mitochondrial ETC activity.

After reversible injury, a cell’s primary goal is survival. Therefore, they abandon their specialized functions and focus on producing ATP and keeping their membrane in tact.

Question 4

T/F: reversible injury can progress into irreversible injury.

Answer 4

True. If severe and progressive damage persists.

Question 5

Inflammation is an indicator of what end result of irreversible cell injury?

Answer 5

Necrosis.

Question 6

T/F: cell death occurs before necrosis.

Answer 6

True. Cells die, then become necrotic.

Question 7

An 18 yo soccer player decides he wants to ‘bulk up’ before he starts college in the fall. He begins lifting weights 6 days a week instead of playing soccer. In response to decreased demand/stimulus, his quadriceps muscles will show what kind of adaptation?

Answer 7

Atrophy

Question 8

A Middle Aged man has gained 60lb over the past 5 years. He has suffered from gastric reflux for 2 years. He was also recently diagnosed with hypertension. What cellular adaptations can be observed in a) his heart, b) his esophagus, and c) his adipose tissue?

Answer 8

A) heart: hypertrophy
B) metaplasia (Barrett’s esophagus)
C) adipose: hyperplasia