CELLS

Question 1

3 structures found in plant cells that aren’t in animal cells

Answer 1

cellulose cell wall
chloroplast
large central vacuole

Question 2

function of Cellulose cell wall

Answer 2

Protects plant cell and maintains its shape

Question 3

function of Chloroplast

Answer 3

Contains chlorophyll that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis or production of glucose

Question 4

function of large central vacuole

Answer 4

the central vacuole stores water and regulates turgor pressure.

Question 5

xylem cells adaptations

Answer 5

it consist of dead cells with no protoplasm

Question 6

what is protoplasm

Answer 6

its the living matter in cells consisting of the nucleus, cytoplasm and cell surface membrane (plasma membrane)

Question 7

3 structures in a nucleus

Answer 7

Chromatin threads
nucleolus
nucleoplasm

Question 8

what are chromatin threads

Answer 8

they contain hereditary material DNA. They condense into chromosomes during cell division.

Question 9

whats the Nucleolus

Answer 9

a spherical structure where components of ribosomes, essential for the formation of proteins, are synthesised and assembled.

Question 10

nucleoplasm

Answer 10

dense protoplasm

Question 11

what is the nucleus surrounded by

Answer 11

nuclear envelope

Question 12

whats the nuclear envelope

Answer 12

it is a double membrane perforated by
nuclear pores. double membrane is also known as phospholipid bilayer

Question 13

functions of nucleus

Answer 13

• It controls protein synthesis in the cytoplasm, controls cell activities such as biochemical reactions, cell growth and repair.
• It is essential for cell division. Nuclear division is the basis of cell division and reproduction, and thus continued survival of the organism.

Question 14

what does cytoplasm consist of

Answer 14

Consists of semi-fluid medium (cytosol) surrounding the nucleus.

Question 15

cytoplasm function

Answer 15

It is the place where most life processes, e.g. chemical reactions occur in the cell.

Question 16

mitochondria function

Answer 16

The mitochondrion is the main site of ATP production in aerobic respiration.

Question 17

what has phospholipid bilayer

Answer 17

nucleus mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question 18

mitochondria outer vs inner membrane

Answer 18

The outer membrane is a smooth continuous boundary while the inner membrane is extensively folded to form cristae which project into the semi-fluid matrix (tissue)

Question 19

what does chloroplast contain

Answer 19

They contain chlorophyll and other photosynthetic pigments located on a system of membranes called thylakoids, which are stacked to form grana (sing. granum). Stacks of grana are joined by intergranal lamellae.

Question 20

whats the interior of a chloroplast filed with

Answer 20

The interior of a chloroplast is filled with a gel-
like matrix called stroma. It contains soluble enzymes and circular DNA.