Cells, Cell Transportation, Protein Synthesis Flashcards
Know and be able to identify the phases of mitosis.
Prophase- nucleus fades, chromosomes become visible
Metaphase- chromosomes move to center of cells
Anaphase- chromatids are pulled apart moving to poles
Telophase-chromosomes disappear, nucleus forms
Cytokinesis- division of cytoplasm
What is phagocytosis
The ingestion of bacteria
Define solute and solvent
The solute is the substance that is being dissolved, while the solvent is the dissolving medium
What are the phases of interphase
G0: resting period
G1:cells grow
S: DNA replication
G2: continues to grow and make protein
Difference between hypotonic and hypertonic solutions
A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solute than another solution, meaning water will flow into it. A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solute than another solution, meaning water will flow out of it
Define osmosis
a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one, thus equalizing the concentrations on each side of the membrane
Describe what two molecules make up the cell membrane
proteins and lipids
What is selectively permeable and how does it pertain to the cell membrane?
some substances are able to pass through the membrane, while other substances are not able to pass through
Define active transport, passive transport. What are examples of this type of movement within the cell?
active transport requires energy to move while passive transport doesn’t require energy; Exocytosis vs. Diffusion
What does the nucleolus of the cell contain?
RNA, proteins
What factors influence the rate of diffusion?
mass, temperature, density
Know the function of lysosome
contains acid hydrolase to break down waste
Know the function of endoplasmic reticulum
transport
Know the function of ribosomes
make protein
Know the function of golgi apparatus
packages/ transports materials
