cellular level 2 Ph & water Flashcards
give examples of hydrophilic molecules
-aldehydes
-ketones
-alcohols
-sugars
give examples of hydrophobic molecules
-lipids
-steroid hormones
-oxygen
what does the term amphipathic mean
contains both hydrophobic & hydrophilic parts
give 2 examples of amphipathic molecules
cholesterol and phospholipids
describe the difference between a micelle, a liposome and a chylomicron
micelles and liposomes are spheres of phospholipids
micelles are single layered phospholipids
liposomes are formed by a lipid bilayer and a hollow core.
chylomicron transports lipids in the bloodstream
are chylomicron similar to micelle or liposomes ?
similar to liposomes
what are buffers ?
resist change in ph
describe the dissociation for weak and strong acids & bases
strong acids & bases fully dissociate
weak acids & bases only partially dissociate
what are the two main buffers in the body called and where are they located?
bicarbonate - in the plasma
phosphate - in the cytoplasm
what two systems is the bicarbonate buffer affected by?
kidney and lung
the lower the ph what happens to the hydrogen ion concentration?
increases
when ph is high what happens to the hydrogen ion concentration
decreases
how do pathological processes occur?
they occur naturally, or unaturally (due to trauma, injury etc)
can radiolabelled albumin be used to measure ECF
Incorrect - albumin is a plasma protein and is thus confined to the plasma compartment. It cannot move into the interstitial fluid compartment. Because extracellular fluid (ECF) is a product of plasma volume and interstitial fluid (ISF) volume you need a marker that can move freely between plasma and ISF, but not intracellular fluid, in order to be able to measure ECF volume. Sucrose or radiolabelled Na+ would do the job nicely.
The correct answer is ‘False’.
what are membrane channels primarily composed of ?
not carboydrates
proteins encoded in DNA
