Cellular Respiration

Question 1

Describe ATP

Answer 1

• made from
  adenosine +Pi + Pi + Pi
• the chemical energy is released when the bond attaching the third phosphate is broken
• used to transfer energy to cellular processes which require energy
• the conversion of ADP to ATP is called phosphorylation
• phosphate can be used to phosphorylate a molecule which then becomes more reactive

Question 2

Describe the energy investment phase of glycolysis

Answer 2

1. glucose is broken down to form intermediate molecules
2. 2 ATP are required for the phosphorylation of intermediates

Question 3

Describe the energy payoff phase of glycolysis

Answer 3

1. the last intermediate is broken down intp pyruvate
   this produces 4 ATP
2. as intermediates are broken down, hydrogen ions are released
   they are passed to a coenzyme called NAD to form NADH

Question 4

Describe the mitochondrion

Answer 4

• have a matrix (a central fluid filled cavity)
• have a cristae (folded inner membrane)