CGIER 20 - Immunology

Question 1

List the organs that are involved in immune function.

Answer 1

1. Mucous membranes
2. Tonsils
3. Lymphatic vessels
4. Thymus
5. Lymph Nodes
6. Spleen
7. Skin
8. Bone Marrow

Question 2

Define antigen.

Answer 2

A substance that is recognized by the immune system.

Question 3

How does the body differentiate between self antigens and non-self antigens?

Answer 3

Self antigens prevent the trigger of an immune response, while non-self antigens trigger an immune response.

Question 4

Define HLA.

Answer 4

HLA stands for Human Leucocyte Antigen. It is a coded set of linked multiple allele loci.

Question 5

What are the two types of immune response?

Answer 5

1. Non-specific response (innate)

2. specific response ( adaptive)

Question 6

List the first line of non-specific defences.

Answer 6

1. Skin
2. Mucous membranes
3. Secretions of skin and mucous membranes (sweat and sebum)

Question 7

List the second line of non-specific defences.

Answer 7

1. Phagocytic leukocytes
2. Anti-microbal proteins
3. Inflammatory response
4. Fever

Question 8

Define cytokine.

Answer 8

Special proteins that are secreted by immune cells to regulate and coordinate immune response when pathogens enter tissue.