Ch 1

Question 1

Growing JOB opportunities in Comm based settings d/t:

Answer 1

• Clients decrease stay in acute hospital
• Increase health promotion and illness prevention
• Increase chronic illness care outside the hospital

Question 2

Summary of RN employment settings:

Answer 2

• Non-hospital RN.s increased to 40%

* Approx. 59% of RNs work in hospitals

Question 3

**Ex of Comm based employment settings:

Answer 3

1. ) Ambulatory Care
2. ) Health Department Services
3. ) Home Health Services
4. ) Long Term Care

Question 4

1.) Ambulatory Care….

Answer 4

o	Dialysis centers
o	Freestanding surgical centers
o	Mental health clinics
o	Emergi(urgent) centers
o	Insurance companies
o	Adult day care centers

Question 5

2.) Health Department Services….

Answer 5

o STD Clinics (testing, counseling & tx)
o Maternal/child health clinics
o Jails & prisons
o HIV/AIDS (testing, counseling & tx)
o Immunization clinics
o Substance abuse programs
o Communicable disease control programs

Question 6

3.) Home Health Services….

Answer 6

o Skilled nursing care
o Private duty
o IV (infusion) therapy

Question 7

4.) Long Term Care….

Answer 7

o Hospice facilities
o Nursing homes (rehab)
o Assisted living

Question 8

More Job Opportunities:

Answer 8

• School health programs
• Occupational health programs
• Summer camps
• Childbirth education
• Lactation counselor

Question 9

Change in Comm. Based healthcare:

Answer 9

• The emphasis on health care delivery in the comm. Has changed dramatically

Question 10

**3 types of health care:

Answer 10

1. ) Primary Health Care
2. ) Secondary Health Care
3. ) Tertiary Health Care

Question 11

1.) Primary Health Care….

Answer 11

main focus: health promotion & illness prevention

o Ex: PHYSICAL check ups—-prenatal care—–well-child check ups—–treament of acute illness

Question 12

2.) Secondary Health Care….

Answer 12

refers to serious/complicated care historically done in hospitals but now completed in outpatient (community) settings
o Ex: outpatient surgery —— chemo/radiation therapy—–diagnostics (CAT, MRI, Angiography)

Question 13

3.) Tertiary Health Care….

Answer 13

defined as: management of CHRONIC, complicated, LONG-TERM health problems
o Ex: rehabiliation centers for; Neuro — cardiac—hospice

Question 14

**3 levels of prevention:

Answer 14

1. ) Primary Prevention
2. ) Secondary Prevention
3. ) Tertiary Prevention

Question 15

1.) Primary Prevention….

Answer 15

o Prevention of problems before they occur

o Health promotion

Question 16

2.) Secondary Prevention….

Answer 16

o Early detection & intervention

o Early diagnosis & treatment

Question 17

3.) Tertiary Prevention….

Answer 17

o Correction & prevention of deterioration of a disease state
o Limitation of disability & rehabilitation

Question 18

**Acute care vs. Comm care: Similarities…

Answer 18

o	Assessments
o	Admin of procedures
o	Teaching
o	Counseling
o	Skills used are same

Question 19

**Acute care vs. Comm care: Differences….

Answer 19

o	Less structure
o	Less formality 
o	More independence
o	Impt. understand clients unique needs
o	Requires understanding of the nursing process!!

Question 20

External factors in Comm. Nursing care:

Answer 20

• Environmental threats
• Availability of resources
• Financial burdens
• Family concerns
• Lifestyle choices

Question 21

Community Based Nursing (CBN):

Answer 21

• Focus on caring for individuals, families & groups where they live including places of work or school
• Focus is more on secondary & tertiary health care (though all 3 levels of prevention are emphasized
o Ex: home health nursing—-ambulatory settings—outpatient settings

Question 22

**Community health nursing (CHN) of Sr nursng class:

Answer 22

• Applied to POPULATIONS
• Looks at the impact of the environment on health
• Uses both nursing practice & public health practice to promote and preserve the health of populations
o Ex: Public-health nursing—–school nursing—-occupational health nursing

Question 23

**Goals of CBN & CHN:

Answer 23

• Goals are different
• CBN = managing actue & chronic conditions-primary client is the INDIVIDUAL & FAMILY
• CHN = preservation & protection of health; primary client is the community (PHN); dealth with POPULATIONS

Question 24

National Health Goals:

Answer 24

• 1st published in 1979 as a national prevention initiative of the US dept of health & human services (USDHHS)
• 2 Goals:
o 1.) Reduce mortality across the life-span
o 2.) And increase independence among the older population

Question 25

Healthy People 2000:

Answer 25

• Updated version – published in 1990
• 3 broad goals:
o Increase span of healthy life for Americans
o Reduce health disparities among Americans
o Achieve access to preventive services for all Americans

Question 26

Healthy people 2020:

Answer 26

• VISION:
o A society in which all people live long healthy lives
• 4 overarching goals:
o 1.) Attain high quality, longer lives free of preventable dieases, disability , injury, & premarure death
o 2.) Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, & improve the health of all groups