Ch. 13 Kinetics

Question 1

percent yield =

Answer 1

actual yield / theoretical yield

Question 2

average rate of change of A, r of A =

Answer 2

D [A] / D t

Question 3

average rate of reaction, r =

Answer 3

r = -r of A/a = -r of B/b = + r of E/e = + r of F/f

Question 4

What effects instantaneous reaction rate, r?

Answer 4

temperature, concentration, and the addition of a catalyst

Question 5

rate law equation

Answer 5

r = k[A]^x[B]^y

Question 6

First order rate equation and units of k

Answer 6

r = k[A]
k = s^-1

Question 7

Zero order rate equation and units of k

Answer 7

r = k
k = Ms^-1

Question 8

Second order rate equation and units of k

Answer 8

r = k[A]^2
k = M^-1 s^-1

Question 9

differential rate equation

Answer 9

-d[A]/dt = k[A]^x

Question 10

integrated rate law for zero order

Answer 10

[X]f = [X]initial - kt

Question 11

integrated rate law for first order

Answer 11

ln[X]f = ln[X]initial - kt

Question 12

integrated rate law for second order

Answer 12

1/[X]f = 1/[X]initial + kt

Question 13

method of initial rates

Answer 13

experimentally determine individual reaction orders and the rate constant

Question 14

what does A (frequency factor) measure

Answer 14

how frequently reactants collide

Question 15

A = ??

Answer 15

pz

p=orientation factor
z=collision frequency

Question 16

slope =

Answer 16

-Ea/R

or the change in y over the change in x

Question 17

Arrhenius Equation (linear form)

Answer 17

ln(k) = (-Ea/R) (1/T) + ln(A)

Question 18

exponential form of Arrhenius equation

Answer 18

k = Ae^-Ea/RT

Question 19

Bigger Ea =

Answer 19

smaller k and slower r

Question 20

Bigger T =

Answer 20

bigger k and faster r

Question 21

units of Ea

Answer 21

kJ/mol

Question 22

On a graph, if Ea is greater than dH, then

Answer 22

it is endothermic

Question 23

On a graph, if Ea is less than dH, then

Answer 23

it is exothermic

Question 24

Catalysts increase the rate of reaction by

Answer 24

providing an alternate reaction pathway with a lower Ea

Question 25

Homogenous catalysts =

Answer 25

catalyst in the same phase as the reactants

Question 26

Heterogenous catalysts =

Answer 26

catalyst in a different phase as the reactants

Question 27

in a zero order reaction, if the concentration doubles, the reaction rate…

Answer 27

stays the same

Question 28

in a first order reaction, if the concentration doubles, the reaction rate…

Answer 28

doubles

Question 29

in a second order reaction, if the concentration doubles, the reaction rate…

Answer 29

quadruples