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Physics 2 > Ch. 15 Review Exam > Flashcards

Ch. 15 Review Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Image formation is the result of_____ absorption.

A

differential

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2
Q

Ionization is the process through which an atom ejects a/an _____?

A

electron

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3
Q

Tissues comprised of atoms with low atomic numbers present ____ opportunities for scatter or absorption to occur.

A

less

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4
Q

Image brightness can be manipulated by adjusting technical factors and ______.

A

window level

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5
Q

The measurement of how efficient an image receptor is in converting x-ray exposure it receives into a quality radiographic image.

A

DQE

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6
Q

Pick the factors that affect magnification.
- SID
- OID
- kVp
- mAs

A

SID and OID

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7
Q

T/F - When aligning the central ray to the image receptor, it is ideal for the CR to enter the IR as closely to parallel as possible.

A

false

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8
Q

This form of digital imaging uses a removable phosphor plate.

A

CR

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9
Q

_____ is the material used as an activator in CR PSP.

A

europium

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10
Q

Direct DR systems use ____ as a photoconductor

A

amorphous selenium

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11
Q

Indirect DR systems use ____ as a photoconductor.

A

amorphous silicon

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12
Q

The main controller of contrast in digital imaging systems is ____.

A

LUT

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13
Q

The main controller of contrast in film-screen imaging systems is ____.

A

kVp

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14
Q

Increasing collimation may require more ____ to maintain the same level of exposure.

A

mAs

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15
Q

These kinds of grids can be either long or short dimension.

A

linear

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16
Q

T/F - Focused grids can be used effectively at any SID.

A

false

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17
Q

When going from no grid to a 5:1 grid, you have to multiply your original mAs by ___.

A

2

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18
Q

When going from no grid to a 16:1 grid, you have to multiply your original mAs by ____.

A

6

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19
Q

When going from no grid to a 10:1 grid, you have to multiply your original mAs by ____.

A

5

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20
Q

____ is a hollow air-filled cell connected to a timer circuit via wire.

A

ionization chamber

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21
Q

When using AEC, increasing kVp will do what to exposure time?

A

decrease time

22
Q

In general, backup time should be set to terminate when the exposure has reached ____% of the desired exposure.

A

200

23
Q

Of the two forms of technique charts, this is the most ideal.

A

fixed kVp/variable mAs

24
Q

Fiberglass casts require ____ radiation to penetrate than plaster casts do.

A

less

25
Q

What range of mA is used in fluoroscopy?

A

0.5-5

26
Q

What range of mA is used in conventional radiography?

A

50-1200

27
Q

What is the length of time that a fluoro unit can be used before the timer temporarily shuts off the ability to radiate?

A

5 mins

28
Q

The input phosphor of the image intensifier is typically made up of?

A

cesium iodide

29
Q

T/F - In terms of the path of energy traveling through the image intensifier, the input phosphor is the first thing energy interacts with.

A

true

30
Q

T/F - In terms of the path of energy traveling through the image intensifier, the output phosphor is the last thing energy interacts with.

A

true

31
Q

T/F - In terms of the path of energy traveling through the image intensifier, the photocathode comes before the focusing lenses.

A

true

32
Q

T/F - In terms of the path of energy traveling through the image intensifier, the focusing lenses come before the accelerating anode.

A

true

33
Q

The focusing lenses are not proper lenses, but are actually charged plates. What is their charge?

A

negative

34
Q

The accelerating anode is given a constant electric potential in order to direct electron flow at a consistent rate. What is the electric potential?

A

25 kV

35
Q

The ratio of the number of light photons at the output phosphor to the number of x-ray photons at the input

A

flux gain

36
Q

The number of output light photons / number of input x-ray photons.

A

flux gain

37
Q

The expression of how much an image is made smaller, from the input phosphor to the output phosphor.

A

minification gain

38
Q

The expression of luminance at the output phosphor divided by the input exposure rate

A

conversion factor

39
Q

The function that maintains the overall appearance of the image by adjusting kVp and mA as needed.

A

ABC

40
Q

T/F - When operating in magnification mode, voltage to the focusing lenses is decreased.

A

false

41
Q

The most common camera tube is the ____ tube

A

vidicon

42
Q

T/F - When acquiring cassette spot films, mA stays the same throughout the process.

A

false

43
Q

______ reduces overall dose and noise by averaging multiple frames together.

A

frame averaging

44
Q

_____ automatically adjust mA, kVp, filtration, and pulse width to maintain optimum exposure.

A

AERC

45
Q

The subpixels of plasma monitors are filled with ____.

A

xenon and neon

46
Q

Skin-to-source distance for a stationary fluoroscopic unit should be no less than __ cm.

A

38 cm

47
Q

Skin-to-source distance for a mobile fluoroscopic unit should be no less than __ cm.

A

30 cm

48
Q

T/F - The tube radiates continuously during pulsed fluoroscopy.

A

false

49
Q

T/F - The tube radiates continuously during standard fluoroscopy.

A

true

50
Q

T/F - In fluoroscopy, the tube is above the patient, and the intensifier is below the patient.

A

false

Physics 2 (15 decks)

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