Ch. 3 Intro to Anatomy/Physiology Speech Mech

Question 1

Define Physiology

Answer 1

Physiology is the branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts. In the foundations of speech, refers to movement and functions.

Question 2

What structures are important for articulation?

Answer 2

Sensory and motor systems of the brain because they are part of every movement in our body. The mandible, lips, tongue.

Question 3

What structure is involved in all of the therapy that SLPs and Audiologists provide?

Answer 3

The brain

Question 4

Process of phonation

Answer 4

Process begins when brain tells vocal folds to close, air is pushed from the lungs and towards the vocal folds. Air comes through and vibrates creating sound.

Question 5

Function of left hemisphere as it relates to communication?

Answer 5

Language processing
Analytical thinking
Fine motor skills
Sequential processing

Question 6

Function of right hemisphere as it relates to communication?

Answer 6

Prosody and emotional tone
Nonverbal communication
Visual-spatial abilities
Creativity and imagination

Question 7

Function of the true vocal folds

Answer 7

To prevent food/liquid going into airways . Overlaid function to produce sound, by regulating airflow into, out of lungs.

Question 8

Primary function of right hemisphere of brain

Answer 8

Regulating emotions
Cognitions
Attention
All left side movements of body controlled by right side

Question 9

Why is the tongue the primary articulator?

Answer 9

Because it’s the main part of our mouth that helps make different sounds. The tongue can move in different ways, shaping sounds

Question 10

What is an important function of the frontal lobe?

Answer 10

Important for voluntary movement, expressive language and higher level executive functions.

Question 11

What is executive function?

Answer 11

Refers to a collection of cognitive processes to help people plan, organize, initiate and self-monitor.

Question 12

Biological function of the lips

Answer 12

Move food while we eat and help us swallow. Help communicate and make speech sounds.

Question 13

Define inspiration

Answer 13

The process of drawing air into the lungs

Question 14

Four lobes of the brain

Answer 14

Frontal- premotor cortex
Parietal - touch
Occipital- visual
Temporal- comprehension

Question 15

Biological functions of the tongue

Answer 15

One of two most important articulators. Facilitates movement of food, during chewing, assisting in swallowing and tasting

Question 16

Two muscles that make up the bulk of the cheeks?

Answer 16

Masseter and buccinator muscles. Help with biting and chewing. For speech, produce oral sounds.

Question 17

Primary function of left hemisphere?

Answer 17

Controls speech/language, comprehension and abstract thinking. Controls right side of body.

Question 18

What is the function of Hypoglossal Xll cranial nerve.

Answer 18

One of seven nerves important for speech. Essential for movement of tongue.

Question 19

Peripheral nervous system is composed of what structures?

Answer 19

Cranial nerves which exit from the brain stem and spinal nerves which exit from the spinal cord.

Question 20

The central nervous system is composed of what structures?

Answer 20

The brain
The spinal cord
The nerve cells

Question 21

Describe Wernickes area

Answer 21

In the temporal lobe. Soley Responsible for language processing as well auditory comprehension.

Question 22

Describe Brocas area

Answer 22

Control over motor-speech, and executive function. Concentrated in frontal lobe.

Question 23

Process of resonation

Answer 23

Happens during speech when soft palate raises, moves up and back to make contact with throat. Separating oral cavity from nasal cavity to make vowel and consonant sounds except m, n, ng

Question 24

Important