Ch 32: Kidneys? Flashcards
Kidneys receive what % of cardiac output?
25%
What is Glomerular filtrate made up of?
the same components of blood except for blood cells, fats and proteins that are too large to be filtered
What is the end product of glomerular filtrate?
End product is about 2L of urine daily.
Where can edema occur?
ANYWHERE!
What is the most common localized edema?
Dependent edema which occurs on feet and ankles with prolonged sitting or standing
What is the most commonly used Thiazide Diuretic?
Hydroclorothiazide (esidrix, oretic)
What is the occurrence time and peak time of Thiazide Diuretics?
Occurs within 2 hours, peak of 4 to 6 hours, lasts 6 to 24 hours.
With Thiazide Diuretics, what are patients with hepatic impairment at risk for?
at risk for thiazide induced hypokalemic and hypochloremia alkalosis
What baseline data do you want as a nurse?
serum electrolytes, BUN, uric acid, creatinine because most diuretics alter this.
What 4 things does Mannitol do?
(osmotic diuretic) manages oliguria and anuria, prevents acute renal failure, reduces ICP before and after neurosurgery, IOP before ophthalmic surgery
What drug should you not use with critically ill patients?
Potassium Sparing Diuretics (& Thiasize?)
also don’t use with those during severe renal failure
What is the onset time for Osmotic Diuretics?
1-3 hours
What do potassium Sparing Diuretics increase the half-life of?
Digoxin - causes toxicity
What is the drug of choice for those who require diuretic therapy, esp for long-term management of HF and hypertension
Thiazide Diuretic
What drug competitively blocks effects of aldosterone, (blocks sodium retaining effects of aldosterone).
Potassium Sparing Diuretics
