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Med Teminology Pre Req > Ch 5 Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Ch 5 Cardiovascular Flashcards

0
Q

Angi/o, vas/o

A

Blood vessels

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1
Q

Card/o, cardi/o

A

Heart

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2
Q

Arteri/o

A

Arteries

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3
Q

Capill/o

A

Capillaries

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4
Q

Phleb/o

Ven/o

A

Veins

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5
Q

Hem/o

Hemat/o

A

Blood

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6
Q

Pericardium

A

Double walled membranous sac that encloses the heart
Peri- surrounding
Cardi1 heart
Um- singular noun ending

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7
Q

Epicardium

A

External layer of the heart and the inner layer of the pericardium
epi- upon
Cardi- heart

(Outer) layer of heart

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8
Q

Myocardium

A

Middle and thickest of the hearts three layers
Myo- muscle
Cardio- heart

Middle layer of heart

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9
Q

Endocardium

A

Consists of epithelial tissue, is the inner lining of the heart

Endo- witin

Inner layer of heart

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10
Q

Thrombosis

A

Abnormal condition of having a thombus

Thromb- clot
Osis- abnormal condition

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11
Q

Thrombus

A

Blood clot in the interior lining of a blood vessels

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12
Q

Endarterial

A

Pertaining to the inner portion of an artery

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13
Q

Aorta

A

Main trunk of the arterial system

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14
Q

Myocardial infarction

A

Occlusion of one or more coronary arteries of the heart

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15
Q

Infraction

A

Sudden insufficiency of blood in an area

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16
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

Narrowing and hardening of the arteries caused by a build up of cholesterol plaque

Athero- plaque or fatty substance
Sclerosis- hardening

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17
Q

Hyperlipidemia

A

General term used to describe elevated levels of cholesterol and other fatty substance in the blood

Hyper- means excessive
Lipid- fat
Emia- blood condition

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18
Q

Angina

A

Chest pain
Due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium
Can lead to myocardial infection

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19
Q

Carotid endarterectomy

A

Surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery

Done to reduce risk of stroke

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20
Q

Venules

A

Small veins that join to form larger veins

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21
Q

Superficial veins

A

Near the body surface

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22
Q

Deep veins

A

In tissues

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23
Q

Atrial fibrillation

A

Abnormal twitching of the atria

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24
Q

Atria

A

Top right and left chambers of the heart

Receives blood

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25
Q

Ventricles

A

Bottom right and left chambers

Pump out blood

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26
Q

Ventricular fibrillation

A

Rapid and irregular contraction of the ventricles

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27
Q

Arrhythmia

A

Loss of normal rhythm of the heart

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28
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

Blood flow b/w heart and lungs

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29
Q

Systemic circulation

A

Flow of blood to all parts of the body except the lungs

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30
Q

Heartbeat

A

Contraction and relaxation

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31
Q

P wave

A

Contraction of the atria

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32
Q

QRS complex

A

Contraction of the ventricles

Atria relaxes as the ventricles contract

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33
Q

T wave

A

The relaxation of the ventricles

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34
Q

Bradycardia

A

Heart rate < 60 BPM

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35
Q

Tachycardia

A

Heart rate > 100 BPM

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36
Q

Hypotension

A

Lower than normal blood pressure

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37
Q

Hypertension

A

Higher then normal blood pressure

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38
Q

Essential hypertension

A

Primary or idiopathic hypertension

Unknown cause

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39
Q

Secondary hypertension

A

Cause by a diff medical problem

Such as kidney disorder

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40
Q

Malignant hypertension

A

Life threatening

Can lead to organ damage

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41
Q

Blood

A

Brings oxygen and nutrients to the cells

Carries away waste

42
Q

Thrombocytes

A

Platelets
Smallest element of blood
Responsible for clotting

43
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cells
Produced by red bone marrow
Includes hemoglobin
-contains iron

44
Q

Leukocytes

A

White blood cells
Protect against invader

Includes: 
Neutrophils
Basaphils
Eosinophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
45
Q

Blood types

A

A
AB - universal recipient
B
O - universal doner

46
Q

Hematologist

A

Specialist in diseases and disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues

47
Q

Cardiologists

A

Specialists in diseases and disorders of the heart

48
Q

-crisis

A

A mixture or blending

49
Q

Vascular surgeon

A

A physician who specializes in the diagnosis medical management and surgical treatment of disorders of the blood vessels

50
Q

ACE inhibitor

A

Medications administered to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure

51
Q

Anemia

A

Disorder where lower then normal levels of red blood cells in the blood

52
Q

Aneurysm

A

Localized weak spot or balloon like enlargement of the wall of an artery

53
Q

Angioplasty

A

Mechanically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessels

54
Q

Anticoagulant

A

Medication that slows coagulation and prevents new clogs from forming

55
Q

Aplastic anemia

A

A condition marked by the absence of all formed blood elements

56
Q

Atherectomy

A

Surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior lining of an artery

57
Q

Atheroma

A

A deposit of fatty plaque on or within the arterial wall

58
Q

Automated external defibrillator

A

Electronic equipment that externally shocks the heart to restore a normal cardiac rhythm

59
Q

Beta-blocker

A

Medications administered to reduce the workload of the heart by slowing the heartbeat

60
Q

Blood dyscrasia

A

Any Pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood

61
Q

Cardiac arrest

A

Heart abruptly stops beating or develops an arrhythmia that prevents it from pushing blood

62
Q

Cardiac catheterization

A

A diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or artery and guided into the heart

63
Q

Cardiomyopathy

A

All diseases of the heart muscle

64
Q

Cholesterol

A

A fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body

65
Q

Chronic venous insufficiency

A

A condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage or leakage of venous valves

66
Q

Coronary thrombosis

A

damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery

67
Q

Defibrillation

A

The use of electrical shock to restore the hearts normal rhythm

68
Q

Diuretic

A

Medications administered in increase urine secretion to rid the body of excess salt and water

69
Q

Electrocardiogram

A

A record of the electrical activity of the myocardium

70
Q

Embolism

A

The sudden block of blood vessels by an embolus

71
Q

Embolus

A

A foreign object such as blood clot, quantity of air or gas, or a bit of tissue or tumor that is circulating in the blood

72
Q

Endocarditis

A

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

73
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Blood protein

Globin- protein

74
Q

Hemolytic anemia

A

Condition characterized by an inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to their premature destruction by the spleen

75
Q

Hemostasis

A

To stop or control bleeding

76
Q

Ischemic heart disease

A

A group of cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart

77
Q

Leukemia

A

A type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal white blood cells found in blood forming tissues, other organs, and in the circulating blood

78
Q

Leukopenia

A

A decrease in the number of white blood cells circulating in the blood

79
Q

Megaloblastic anemia

A

A blood disorder characterized by anemia on which red blood cells are larger than normal

80
Q

Myelodysplastic syndrome

A

A group of bone marrow disorders that are characterized by the insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells

81
Q

Orthostatic hypotension

A

Low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up

82
Q

Pernicious anemia

A

Anemia caused by a lack of a protein that helps the body absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract

83
Q

Phlebitis

A

Inflammation of the vein

84
Q

Raynaud’s disease

A

A peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress

85
Q

Septicemia

A

Caused by the presence of bacteria in the blood, symptoms include fever, tachpnea, and tachycardia

86
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

A genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in red blood cells that assume an abnormal sickle shape

87
Q

Temporal arteritis

A

A form of vasculitis with abnormal large cells, that can cause headache, visual impairment, or other symptoms

88
Q

Thallium stress test

A

Performed to evaluate blood flow to the heart during excercise by injecting a small amount of thallium into the blood

89
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

A condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating the blood

90
Q

Thrombolytic

A

Medicine that dissolves or causes a thrombus to break up

91
Q

Thrombotic occlusion

A

The blocking of an artery by a thrombus

92
Q

Thrombus

A

A blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein

93
Q

Transfusion reaction

A

Serious and potential fatal complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response offers bc the patients blood and the donated blood do not match

94
Q

valvulitis

A

Inflammation of the lining of the vagina

95
Q

Varicose veins

A

Abnormally swollen veins usually occurring in the superficial veins of he legs

96
Q

Ventricular tachycardia

A

A very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles

97
Q

Aorta/o

A

Aorta

98
Q

Ather/o

A

Plaque, fatty substance

99
Q

-crasia

A

A mixture or bleeding

100
Q

-Emia

A

Blood, blood condition

101
Q

Phleb/o

A

Vein

102
Q

thromb/o

A

Clot

103
Q

Ven/o

A

Vein

Med Teminology Pre Req (10 decks)

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