Ch.1 Vocab

Question 0

Define personal troubles

Answer 0

Troubles resulting from ones own personal traits or troubles

Question 1

What is sociology?

Answer 1

The scientific study of human social life, groups and societies.

Question 2

Define public issues

Answer 2

Consequences of social structure.

So when a personal problem occurs to many ppl it becomes a public issue

Question 3

Social imagination

Answer 3

The application of imaginative thought to the asking and answering of sociological questions. Thinking away from familiar routines of daily life.

Question 4

Structuration

Answer 4

The 2 way process by which we shape our social world through our individual actions and by which we are reshaped by society.

Question 5

Social facts

Answer 5

According to Durkheim the aspects of social life that shape our actions as individuals.

Question 6

Organic solidarity

Answer 6

According to Durkheim social cohesion that results from the various parts of a society functioning as an integrated whole.

Question 7

Social constraint

Answer 7

The conditioning influence on our behavior by the groups and societies of which we are members

Question 8

Anomie

Answer 8

Durkheim, referring to a situation in which social norms lose their hold over individual behavior

Question 9

Materialist conception of history

Answer 9

Developed by Marx , according to which material, or economic, factors have a prime role in determining historical change

Question 10

Capitalism

Answer 10

An economic system based on the private ownership of wealth which invested and reinvested in order to produce profit

Question 11

Symbolic interactionism

Answer 11

Theoretical approach by George Herbert Mead that emphasizes the role of symbols and language as core elements of all human interaction.

Question 12

Symbol

Answer 12

An item used to represent something

Question 13

Functionalism

Answer 13

A theoretical perspective based on the notion that social events can best be explained in terms of the functions they perform- that is, the contributions they make to the continuity of a society

Question 14

Manifest functions

Answer 14

The function of a particular social activity that are known to and intended by the individuals involved in the activity

Question 15

Latent functions

Answer 15

Functional consequences that are not intended or recognized by the members of a social system in which they occur

Question 16

Marxism

Answer 16

A body of thought deriving its main elements from Karl Marx’s ideas

Question 17

Power

Answer 17

The ability of individuals or groups to make their own concerns or interests count even when others resist

Question 18

Ideology

Answer 18

Shared ideas or beliefs that serve to justify the interests of dominant groups

Question 19

Feminist theory

Answer 19

Sociological perspective that emphasizes the centrality of gender in analyzing the social world and particularly the experiences of women

Question 20

Feminism

Answer 20

Rights of women to be equal with male

Question 21

Postmodernism

Answer 21

The belief that society is no longer governed by history or progress

Question 22

Microsociolgy

Answer 22

The study of human behavior in contexts of face to face interaction

Question 23

Macrosociolgy

Answer 23

The study of large-scale groups, organizations or social systems

Question 24

Empirical investigation

Answer 24

Factual inquiry carried out in any area of sociological study

Question 25

Ethnography

Answer 25

The firsthand study of ppl using participant observation or interviewing

Question 26

Pilot study

Answer 26

A trial run in survey research

Question 27

Representative sampling

Answer 27

A sample from a larger population that is statistically typical of that population

Question 28

Oral history

Answer 28

Interviews with Ppl about events they witnessed earlier in their lifes

Question 29

triangulation

Answer 29

The use of multiple research methods as a way of producing more reliable empirical data.

Question 30

Informed consent

Answer 30

Study participants are given a broad description of the study prior to agreeing to participate

Question 31

Debriefing

Answer 31

After the research study ends, the investigator discuss any concerns the subjects may have and acknowledges wether deception happened during the study