Ch.3-Meiosis & Heredity

Question 1

4 phases in meiosis II

Answer 1

Prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II, Telophase II

Question 2

Phase in meiosis II where chromosomes recondense

Answer 2

Prophase II

Question 3

Phase in meiosis II where individual chromosomes line up on the equatorial plate

Answer 3

Metaphase II

Question 4

Phase of meiosis II where sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles

Answer 4

Anaphase II

Question 5

Phase of meiosis II where chromosomes arrive at the spindle poles and the cytoplasm divides

Answer 5

Telophase II

Question 6

When does crossing over occur?

Answer 6

Prophase I

Question 7

The genetic exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes that results in shuffling of genes along the chromosome

Answer 7

Crossing over

Question 8

Crossing over can result in unequal exchange of genetic material producing chromosomes with …..

Answer 8

Deleted regions or duplication regions

Question 9

This also allows for genetic variation of cells

Answer 9

Crossing over

Question 10

Crossover is independent across the ….

Answer 10

Centromere

Question 11

Crossover regions are more likely to be _____ regions

Answer 11

Repeated

Question 12

The longer the chromosome the more ____ that can form

Answer 12

Chiasmata

Question 13

Crossing over is proportion to

Answer 13

Distance

Question 14

A protein complex hat holds the chromatid together and is key to the behavior of chromosomes in mitosis and meiosis

Answer 14

Cohesin

Question 15

If cohesin is not functional, it is a _____ mutation

Answer 15

Lethal

Question 16

Cohesin at the centromere is protected by _____

Answer 16

Shugoshin

Question 17

Each primary oocyte completes meiosis I, producing ….

Answer 17

A large secondary oocyte and a smaller polar body (which disintegrates)

Question 18

What are the consequences when chromosomes fail to properly segregate during meiosis?

Answer 18

The fertilized egg will disintegrate quickly because it is not a functioning gamete

Question 19

The passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another

Answer 19

Heredity

Question 20

The proportion of total variation between individuals in a given population that is due to genetic variation

Answer 20

Heritability

Question 21

A locus/region of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product

Answer 21

Gene

Question 22

An alternative form of a gene that is located at a specific position on a specific chromosome

Answer 22

Allele

Question 23

Each individual diploid organism possesses two alleles for any particular characteristic and only one is passed to offspring

Answer 23

Principle of segregation

Question 24

Alleles segregate independent when gametes are formed

Answer 24

Independent assortment

Question 25

When two different alleles are present in a genotype only the trait encoded by one of them-the dominant allele-is observed in the phenotype. The other is called “recessive”

Answer 25

Concept of dominance