chap 11

Question 1

policy in which a country seeks to extend its authority by conquering other nations, or establishing economic and political dominance over other countries

Answer 1

imperialism

Question 2

belief that one race is superior to others

Answer 2

racism

Question 3

idea that those who were fittest for survival enjoyed wealth and success and were considered superior to others

Answer 3

social darwinism

Question 4

competition for land in Africa was so fierce that European countries feared war between them, so they met at this and agreed that any European nation could claim land in Africa by notifying other nations of its claims and showing its control of the area

Answer 4

Berlin Conference

Question 5

Zulu chief who used highly disciplined warriors and good military organization to create a large centralized state

Answer 5

shaka

Question 6

dutch settlers who gradually took Africans’ land and established large farms. dutch; “farmers”

Answer 6

Boers

Question 7

diamond and gold was found in Africa 1860s and 1880s and people from all over rushed in to make their fortunes. Boers tried to keep these outsiders from gaining political rights. an attempt to start a rebellion against the boers failed. they blamed the british and took up arms against them. Britain won the war

Answer 7

Boer War (South African War)

Question 8

Europeans govern people in a parental way by providing for their needs but not giving them rights

Answer 8

paternalism

Question 9

idea that, in time, local populations would adopt French culture and become like the French

Answer 9

assimilation

Question 10

emperor of Ethiopia who declared war on Italy for claiming Ethiopia as a protectorate. at the Battle of Adowa, Ethiopian forces successfully defeated the Italians and kept their nation independent. after the defeat, he modernized Ethiopia by constructing a railroad and weakening the power of nobility

Answer 10

Menelik II

Question 11

an interest in or taking of land for its strategic location or products

Answer 11

geopolitics

Question 12

war broke out between Russians and Ottomans over a warm-weather port on the Black Sea. Britain and France joined the war on the side of the Ottomans. the three combined forces beat Russia.

Answer 12

Crimean War

Question 13

human-made waterway that cut through the Isthmus of Suez and connected the Red Sea to the Mediterranean.

Answer 13

Suez Canal

Question 14

Indian soldiers

Answer 14

sepoys

Question 15

Britain considered India the most valuable of all the British colonies and called it ____

Answer 15

[the brightest] “jewel in the crown”

Question 16

this situation began after certain rumors spread about rifles that were sealed with beef and pork fat. Hindus and Muslims were outraged. British put the soldiers who disobeyed in jail but the sepoy’s rebelled, and it spread through much of northern india

Answer 16

Sepoy Mutiny

Question 17

refers to British rule after India came under the British crown during the reign of queen victoria.

Answer 17

Raj

Question 18

the countries that boarder the Pacific Ocean

Answer 18

Pacific Rim

Question 19

Siam modernized itself under the guidance of ____.

Answer 19

King Mongkut

Question 20

the leader of the Filipino nationalists (who claimed the US had promised immediate independence after the Spanish-American War ended)

Answer 20

Emilio Aguinaldo

Question 21

adding of a territory the the US

Answer 21

annexation

Question 22

Hawaiian ruler who called for new constitution that would increase her power. she was overthrown in 1893

Answer 22

Queen Liliuokalani

Question 23

successful businessman and major supporter of British expansion who believed that the British are the “most honorable” race

Answer 23

Cecil Rhodes

Question 24

the British

Answer 24

Anglo-Saxon

Question 25

an area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges

Answer 25

sphere of influence

Question 26

the year the first automatic machine gun, the Maxim gun, was invented.
also the year the Berlin Conference began

Answer 26

1884

Question 27

group that controlled access to the Mediterranean and the Atlantic sea trade

Answer 27

Ottoman Empire

Question 28

the Russians fought the Ottomans for a warm-weather port here

Answer 28

the Black Sea

Question 29

major supplier of raw material for Britain’s “world workshop”

Answer 29

India

Question 30

Britain claimed the entire area of Nigeria, Africa as a colony

Answer 30

The British Colony of Africa

Question 31

were not happy to trade one colonizer— the Spanish— for another, the Americans

Answer 31

Filipino nationalists

Question 32

people that have over-the-top pride in their country

Answer 32

nationalists

Question 33

ruler of Egypt who began reforming the military and the economy

Answer 33

Muhammad Ali

Question 34

where diamonds and gold were discovered in the 1860s and 1880s and where the Boer War took place

Answer 34

South Africa

Question 35

1823 foreign policy

a. outside powers can’t interfere with affairs in the western hemisphere
b. can’t attempt to create new colonies in the western hem.
c. can’t try to overthrow newly independent republics in the western hem
d. US won’t involve itself in european affairs
e. US won’t interfere w existing colonies in the western hem

Answer 35

The Monroe Doctrine

Question 36

1904 foreign policy

a. any nation in western hem. that might challenge the US authority would force our country to exercise international police power
b. will do whatever we need to do to protect our economic interests
c. “speak softly and carry a big stick”

Answer 36

the [teddy] Roosevelt Corollary

Question 37

1947 foreign policy

a. we financially support free peoples who are resisting armed forces coming from outside pressures
b. ex/ between 1947 and 1950 the US sent $400 million in aid to Turkey and Greece
c. the Marshall Plan; $13-15 billion to western europe (16 countries)

Answer 37

The Truman Doctrine

Question 38

1957 foreign policy

a. aimed toward the “old” soviet union (present day Russia) and said that the US would defend the Middle East against an attack by any Communist country
b. major reason for this addition; futuristic interest in oil deposits

Answer 38

Eisenhower Doctrine

Question 39

1983 foreign policy

a. US’s best scientists were asked to develop a defense system that would keep the americans safe from “any type” of enemy missile
b. known as SDI “star wars”
c. cost of SDI? $75-$150 trillion

Answer 39

Reagan’s Strategic Defense Initiative (Star Wars)

Question 40

birth of King Louis

Answer 40

1838