Chapt 12

Question 1

Neurology

Answer 1

Deals with normal function and disorders of the nervous system

Question 2

Neurologist

Answer 2

Physician who diagnosis and treats disorders of nervous system

Question 3

Central nervous system

Answer 3

Brain and spinal cord (connected by foramen magnus)
Source of thoughts, emotion and memories
Most signals for muscle contraction and gland secretion

Question 4

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 4

All nervous tissue outside of cns
12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 spinal nerves

Question 5

Nerves

Answer 5

Bundles of hundreds to thousands of axons plus their associated connective tissue and blood vessels outside of brain and spinal cord

Question 6

Sensory receptors

Answer 6

Structure of nervous system that monitors change in external/internal environment

Question 7

Sensory division of pns

Answer 7

Afferent
Input to cns
Provide somatic sense and special senses

Question 8

Motor division of pns

Answer 8

Efferent division
Output of cns
Divided into somatic and autonomic

Question 9

Somatic nervous system

Answer 9

Convey output to skeletal muscles
Consciously controlled motor response

Question 10

Autonomic nervous system.

Answer 10

Output to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and gland
Involuntary
Sympathetic and parasympathetic branches

Question 11

Enteric nervous system

Answer 11

3rd branch of ans
In gi tract and regulates smooth muscles and glands there
Can be independent, but communicates and regulates by other branches

Question 12

Function of nervous system

Answer 12

Sensory function
Integrative function
Motor function

Question 13

Neurofibrils

Answer 13

Bundles of intermediate filaments that provide shape and support to cell body

Question 14

Microtubules

Answer 14

Assist in moving materials between cell body and axon

Question 15

Lipofuscin

Answer 15

Pigment that occurs as clumps of yellowish brown granules in cytoplasm
Product of neuronal lysosome that accumulates with age

Question 16

Ganglion

Answer 16

Collection of neuronal cell bodies outside of cns

Question 17

Nerve fiber

Answer 17

General term for any neuronal process that emerges from cell body of neuron
=axon and dendrite

Question 18

Axoplasm

Answer 18

Cytoplasm of axon

Question 19

Axolemma

Answer 19

Plasma membrane of axon

Question 20

Slow axonal transport

Answer 20

Slower
One direction from cell body to axon terminal
Replenishes axoplasm

Question 21

Fast axonal transport

Answer 21

Uses proteins to transport material
Both direction
Anterograde-organelles and vesicles to axons
Retrograde-move materials to be degraded in cell body

Question 22

Multipolar neurons

Answer 22

Several dendrites and one axon
Brain, spinal cord and motor neurons

Question 23

Bipolar

Answer 23

One main dendrite and one axon
Retina of eye, inner ear and olfactory area of brain

Question 24

Unipolar

Answer 24

Dendrite and axon fused together
Dendrite acts as sensory receptor
Ganglia of spinal and cranial nerves

Question 25

Protoplasmic atrocytes

Answer 25

Short branching processes
Located in gray matter

Question 26

Fibrous astrocytes

Answer 26

Long and unbranched
Located in white matter

Question 27

Leak channels

Answer 27

Open and closes randomly
Found in all cells, dendrites, cell bodies and axons of all types of neurons

Question 28

Ligand gated channels

Answer 28

Open and close in response to ligand binding
Dendrites of some sensory neurons and dendrites and cell bodies of interneurons and motor neurons