Chapt 9

Question 1

Papyrus

Answer 1

one of the first substances to hold written language
and symbols; obtained from plant reeds found along the
Nile River.

Question 2

Parchment

Answer 2

treated animal skin that replaced papyrus as an
early pre-paper substance on which to document written
language

Question 3

Codex

Answer 3

an early type of book in which paperlike sheets were
cut and sewed together along an edge, then bound with
thin pieces of wood and covered with leather.

Question 4

Manuscript Culture

Answer 4

a period during the Middle Ages when

priests and monks advanced the art of bookmaking.

Question 5

illuminated manuscripts

Answer 5

books from the Middle Ages that
featured decorative, colorful designs and illustrations on
each page.

Question 6

Block printing

Answer 6

a printing technique developed by early
Chinese printers, who hand-carved characters and
illustrations into a block of wood, applied ink to the block,
and then printed copies on multiple sheets of paper.

Question 7

printing press

Answer 7

a fifteenth-century invention whose movable
metallic type technology spawned modern mass communi-
cation by creating the first method for mass production; it
reduced the size and cost of books, made them the first
mass medium affordable to less affluent people, and
provided the impetus for the Industrial Revolution,
assembly-line production, modern capitalism, and the rise
of consumer culture.

Question 8

vellum

Answer 8

a handmade paper made from treated animal skin,

used in the Gutenberg Bibles.

Question 9

paperback books

Answer 9

books made with less expensive paper

covers, introduced in the United States in the mid-1800s.

Question 10

dime novels

Answer 10

sometimes identified as pulp fiction, these
cheaply produced and low-priced novels were popular in
the United States beginning in the 1860s

Question 11

pulp fiction

Answer 11

a term used to describe many late-nineteenth-
century popular paperbacks and dime novels, which
were constructed of cheap machine-made pulp
material.

Question 12

linotype

Answer 12

a technology introduced in the nineteenth century
that enabled printers to set type mechanically using a
typewriter-style keyboard

Question 13

offset lithography

Answer 13

a technology that enabled books to be
printed from photographic plates rather than metal casts,
reducing the cost of color and illustrations and eventually
permitting computers to perform typesetting.

Question 14

trade books

Answer 14

the most visible book industry segment, featuring
hardbound and paperback books aimed at general readers
and sold at bookstores and other retail outlets.

Question 15

professional books

Answer 15

technical books that target various
occupational groups and are not intended for the general
consumer market.

Question 16

textbooks

Answer 16

books made for the el-hi (elementary and high

school) and college markets.

Question 17

mass market paper backs

Answer 17

low-priced paperback books sold
mostly on racks in drugstores, supermarkets, and airports,
as well as in bookstores.

Question 18

instant books

Answer 18

in the book industry, a marketing strategy that
involves publishing a topical book quickly after a major
event occurs.

Question 19

reference books

Answer 19

dictionaries, encyclopedias, atlases, and other

reference manuals related to particular professions or trades.

Question 20

university press

Answer 20

the segment of the book industry that

publishes scholarly books in specialized areas.

Question 21

e-book

Answer 21

a digital book read on a computer or electronic

reading device.

Question 22

book challenge

Answer 22

a formal complaint to have a book removed

from a public or school library’s collection.

Question 23

acquisitions editor

Answer 23

in the book industry, editors who seek

out and sign authors to contracts.

Question 24

subsidiary rights

Answer 24

in the book industry, selling the rights to
a book for use in other media forms, such as a mass
market paperback, a CD-ROM, or the basis for a movie
screenplay.

Question 25

development editor

Answer 25

in book publishing, the editor who
provides authors with feedback, makes suggestions for
improvements, and obtains advice from knowledgeable
members of the academic community.

Question 26

copy editors

Answer 26

the people in magazine, newspaper, and book
publishing who attend to specific problems in writing such
as style, content, and length.

Question 27

design managers

Answer 27

publishing industry personnel who work
on the look of a book, making decisions about type style,
paper, cover design, and layout.

Question 28

e-publishing

Answer 28

Internet-based publishing houses that design
and distribute books for comparatively low prices for
authors who want to self-publish a title.