Chapter 0

Question 1

For what applications are mainframes used?

Answer 1

ATMs, motel & airline & rental car reservation systems

Question 2

What was the first computer called?

Answer 2

The ENIAC

Question 3

When was the first computer made

Answer 3

1946

Question 4

Who made the first computer

Answer 4

Dr. John Atanasoff

Question 5

How big is a microprocessor chip?

Answer 5

1/4 the size of a postage stamp

Question 6

What is an embedded system?

Answer 6

A computer system, a combination of a computer processor CPU, memory, and I/O peripheral devices that has a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system

Question 7

What is the most important part of a computer?

Answer 7

CPU, required for all calculations

Question 8

Name 3 input devices

Answer 8

keyboard, mouse, scanner

Question 9

name 3 output devices

Answer 9

monitor, printer, speakers

Question 10

Name 2 types of primary storage

Answer 10

RAM (Random Access Memory) & ROM (Read Only Memory)

Question 11

Name 3 types of secondary storage

Answer 11

USB (Universal Serial Bus) thumb drive, CD (Compact Disk), Floppy Disk

Question 12

What is a bit?

Answer 12

The smallest unit of information that can be stored or interpreted by a computer, (1’s and 0’s).

Question 13

What is a byte?

Answer 13

a group of bits (usually 8) operated on as a unit

Question 14

What is a CPU?

Answer 14

Central Processing Unit

Question 15

What does a CPU do?

Answer 15

Processes and executes instructions

Question 16

What is an Operating System?

Answer 16

An interface between the user and software.

Question 17

What does an Operating System do?

Answer 17

manages computer resources such as memory and processes

Question 18

What type of computer language is easiest to understand?

Answer 18

High level language, CPU independent code that combines algebraic expressions and symbols from English

Question 19

What type of computer language is hardest to understand?

Answer 19

Machine language, CPU-specific code in binary

Question 20

What does a program compiler do?

Answer 20

Checks syntax (grammar) of the code, translates source code to object files

(In machine language) (AKA it talks to the processor so it knows what to do… e.g. push print, turns that into binary so computer can perform the action)

Question 21

Step 1 of the Five-Step Software Development Method?

Answer 21

Requirement Analysis. Requirements of the Software are determined.

Question 22

Step 2 of the Five-Step Software Development Method?

Answer 22

Design.

Software and system Design developed according to ‘Requirement Specification’ Document

Question 23

Step 3 of the Five-Step Software Development Method?

Answer 23

Implementation and Coding

Question 24

Step 4 of the Five-Step Software Development Method?

Answer 24

Testing

Question 25

Step 5 of the Five-Step Software Development Method?

Answer 25

Maintenance

Question 26

Why do we document (write comments in) a computer program?

Answer 26

To help future users or coders determine what we did and why