Chapter 05 - Disorders of Trauma and Stress

Question 1

Acute Stress Disorder

Answer 1

An anxiety disorder in which fear and related symptoms are experienced soon after a traumatic event and last less than a month.

Question 2

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

Answer 2

The network of nerve fibers that connect the central nervous system to all the other organs of the body.

Question 3

Corticosteroids

Answer 3

A group of hormones, including cortisol, released by the adrenal glands at times of stress.

Question 4

Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder

Answer 4

A dissociative disorder marked by the presence of persistent and recurrent episodes of depersonalization, derealization, or both; feel like they have become separated from heir body and are observing themselves from outside.

Question 5

Dissociative Amnesia

Answer 5

A dissociative disorder marked by an inability to recall important personal events and information; Not caused by physical factors.

Question 6

Dissociative Disorders

Answer 6

A group of disorders in which some parts of one’s memory or identity seem to be dissociated, or separated, from other parts of one’s memory or identity.

Question 7

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Answer 7

A dissociative disorder in which a person develops two or more distinct personalities. Also known as multiple personality disorder.

Question 8

Endocrine System

Answer 8

The system of glands located throughout the body that help control important activities such as growth and sexual activity.

Question 9

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)

Answer 9

An exposure treatment in which clients move their eyes in a rhythmic manner from side to side while flooding their minds with images of objects and situations they ordinarily avoid.

Question 10

Fusion

Answer 10

The final merging of two or more subpersonalities in multiple personality disorder.

Question 11

Hypnotic Therapy

Answer 11

A treatment in which the patient undergoes hypnosis and is then guided to recall forgotten events or perform other therapeutic activities. Also known as hypnotherapy.

Question 12

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Pathway

Answer 12

One route by which the brain and body produce arousal and fear.

Question 13

Memory

Answer 13

The faculty for recalling past events and past learning.

Question 14

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Answer 14

The nerve fibers of the autonomic nervous system that help return bodily processes to normal.

Question 15

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Answer 15

An anxiety disorder in which fear and related symptoms continue to be experienced long after a traumatic event; As many as 80% of cases of Acute stress disorder develop into PTSD.

Question 16

Psychological Debriefing

Answer 16

A form of crisis intervention in which victims are helped to talk about their feelings and reactions to traumatic incidents. Also called critical incident stress debriefing.

Question 17

Rap Group

Answer 17

A group that meets to talk about and explore members’ problems in an atmosphere of mutual support.

Question 18

Rape

Answer 18

Forced sexual intercourse or another sexual act committed against a nonconsenting person or intercourse with an underage person.

Question 19

Self-Hypnosis

Answer 19

The process of hypnotizing oneself, sometimes for the purpose of forgetting unpleasant events; Clinicians believe that it dissociative disorders may be a form of self-hypnosis.

Question 20

State-Dependent Learning

Answer 20

Learning that becomes associated with the conditions under which it occurred, so that it is best remembered under the same conditions.

Question 21

Subpersonalities

Answer 21

The two or more distinct personalities found in individuals suffering with dissociative identity disorder. Also known as alternate personalities.

Question 22

Sympathetic Nervous System

Answer 22

The nerve fibers of the autonomic nervous system that quicken the heartbeat and produce other changes experienced as arousal and fear.

Question 23

Torture

Answer 23

The use of brutal, degrading, and disorienting strategies to reduce victims to a state of utter helplessness.

Question 24

State of Stress’s Two Components

Answer 24

The stressor and stress response.

Question 25

Stress Response

Answer 25

Influenced by how we judge both events and own capacity to react to them effectively.