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A&P 1 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the branch of science that studies the structure of the body?

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

For example, _____ describes what the heart looks like, how big it is, what it is made of, how it is organized, and where it is located.

A

Anatomy

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3
Q

The word _____ comes from the Greek word meaning to dissect.

A

Anatomy

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4
Q

What is the branch of science that describes how the body functions?

A

Physiology

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5
Q

For example, ______ describes how the heart pumps blood and why the pumping of the blood is essential for life.

A

Physiology

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6
Q

What is the branch of science that describes the consequences of the improper functioning of the body? (ie. how a body part functions when a person has a disease).

A

Pathophysiology

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7
Q

____ describes what happens during a heart attack and when the heart functions poorly or not at all.

A

Pathophysiology

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8
Q

Anatomy and physiology are closely related. Structure and ____ go together. When examining the anatomy ask yourself how its structure is related to its _____.

A

Function

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9
Q

The body is organized from simple to complex. Note the progression in order from simple to complex, describing each step.

A

Tiny ATOMS (1) form MOLECULES (2). Larger molecules turn into CELLS (3)., the basic unit of life. Specialized groups of cells form TISSUE (4). Tissues are then arranged into ORGANS (5), such as the heart, stomach, and kidney. Groups of organs form ORGAN SYSTEMS (6). Each organ system has a specific function, such as digestion, excretion, or reproduction. All the organ systems together create the HUMAN ORGANISM (7).

ATOM, MOLECULE, CELL, TISSUE, ORGAN, ORGAN SYSTEM, HUMAN ORGANISM

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10
Q

Refers to the body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment

A

Homeostasis

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11
Q

The body is standing, erect, with the face forward, the arms at the sides, and the toes and palms of the hands directed forward

A

Anatomical position

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12
Q

means that a part is above another part or is closer to the head. Example: The head is ___ to the chest.

A

Superior

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13
Q

means that a body part is located below another or closer to the feet. Example: The chest is ____ to the head.

A

Inferior

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14
Q

toward the front surface ( the belly surface).

A

anterior (ventral)

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15
Q

toward the back surface

A

posterior (dorsal)

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16
Q

the heart is ___ to the spinal cord, but the heart is __ to the breastbone.

A

anterior, posterior

17
Q

towards the midline
Example: The nose is ___ to the ears

A

medial

18
Q

away from the midline of the body
Ex: the ears are ___ to the nose.

A

lateral

19
Q

In the anatomical position, the hand is closer to the ___ thigh than the ___ thigh.

A

lateral, medial.

20
Q

means that the structure is nearer to the point of attachment, often the trunk of the body.
Ex: The wrist is __ to the fingers.

A

proximal

21
Q

means that that a part is farther away from the point of attachment than another.
Ex: the wrist is ___ to the elbow, and the fingers are __ to the wrist.

A

distal

22
Q

means that a part is located on or near the surface of the body

The skin is ___ to the muscles.

A

superficial

23
Q

means that the body part is away from the surface of the body.

The bones are __ to the skin

A

deep

24
Q

means that the part is located in the center

The heart is located __, whereas the blood vessels are located ____

A

Central

Centrally, Peripherally

25
Q

means away from the center

A

peripheral

26
Q

The brain and spinal cord are called ____ and the surrounding nervous system is called ___

A

Central Nervous System, the peripheral nervous system

27
Q

The _____ ____divides the body lengthwise into right and left ports.

If the cut is made exactly down the midline of the body and the left and right halves of the body are equal. The division is a _____ section.

A

Sagittal plane

midsagittal

28
Q

The ___ ___ divides the body into anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal) portions.

Can also be called what? why?

A

frontal plane

coronal “crown” - top of head, where a crown sits through the body

29
Q

The __ ___ divides the body horizontally, by creating an upper (superior) and a lower (inferior) body.

When the body or an organ is cut horizontally or transversely it is called a ___ section.

A

transverse plane

cross-section

30
Q

Which plane provides a right and a left?

A

sagittal

31
Q

Which plane is also referred to as coronal?

A

frontal

32
Q

What are the 9 regions of the abdominopelvic cavity?

A

epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric, left hypochondriac, left lumbar, left iliac, right hypochondriac, right lumbar, right iliac.

33
Q
A

A&P 1 (1 decks)

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