Chapter 1

Question 1

charles darwin

Answer 1

natural selection

Question 2

Dorothea Dix

Answer 2

helped advocate for rights and mentally ill people

Question 3

sigmund freud

Answer 3

psychoanalysis, therapy, unconscious mind

Question 4

G. Stanley Hall

Answer 4

First president of the APA

Question 5

william james

Answer 5

father of american psych, no structuralism, used FUNCTIONALISM, wrote the first psych text book

Question 6

ivan pavlov

Answer 6

russian psychologist, classical conditioning

Question 7

wilhelm wundt

Answer 7

professor at germanys university of Leipzig, introspection, first human test lab, father of psychology

Question 8

jean piaget

Answer 8

children swiss biologist

Question 9

B.F Skinner

Answer 9

behaviorist, did not like introspection, studied how consequences shape behavior

Question 10

biopsychology (neuroscience)

Answer 10

all feelings and behaviors have an organic root

Question 11

evolutionary

Answer 11

we behave the way we do because we inherit those behaviors

Question 12

psychoanalytical

Answer 12

focuses on the unconscious mind, most behaviors result from unresolved conflicts

Question 13

behavioral

Answer 13

observable behaviors, conditioned or taught to act a certain way

Question 14

hunanistic

Answer 14

humans focusing on human behaviors and their selfs

Question 15

cognitive

Answer 15

focuses on how we think

Question 16

social cultural

Answer 16

your behavior and feelings are dictated by the culture you stem from

Question 17

independent variable

Answer 17

what is being changed in the experiment

Question 18

dependent variable

Answer 18

whatever is being measured in an experiment

Question 19

confounding variable

Answer 19

cause and effect, one thing causes another

Question 20

placebo effect

Answer 20

when a person thinks a medication is working for them but it doesn’t the person’s mind tricks them
to believe it works

Question 21

reliability

Answer 21

consistency, chances a result will be the same

Question 22

validity

Answer 22

accuracy, how well a study measures

Question 23

correlation method

Answer 23

expression of a relationship of two variables

Question 24

correlation coefficient

Answer 24

the measure of strength in a relationship, farthest away from 0 is correct

Question 25

positive correlation

Answer 25

the variable goes in the same direction ^^

Question 26

negative correlation

Answer 26

opposite directions ^v

Question 27

cross sectional

Answer 27

collecting data from a population at a specific point in time

Question 28

logitudinal

Answer 28

at a specific point in time collecting data from a population

Question 29

meta analysis

Answer 29

combing data from several selected studies

Question 30

hawthorn effect

Answer 30

if someone knows their in an experiment they can change their behavior

Question 31

nature vs nurture

Answer 31

a controversy that a person’s characteristics are described by nature or nurture

Question 32

hindsight bias

Answer 32

accurately predicting an event before it actually happens

Question 33

irb

Answer 33

groups federally charged to preform experiments and research on humans

Question 34

IACUC

Answer 34

institutional animal care and use committee, studies on animals

Question 35

confidentiality

Answer 35

under normal circumstances no one outside the Counseling Center is given any information

Question 36

personal bias

Answer 36

learned beliefs, opinions, or attitudes that people are unaware of and often reinforce stereotypes