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basic nursing core > chapter 1 > Flashcards

chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

which word derives from the Latin word meaning “to nourish”?

A

nurse

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2
Q

was known as the “father of medicine” also denounced the idea of mystical influences on disease, also the first person to propose concepts such as physical assessment ,medical ethics,client centered care ,and systematic observation and reporting.

A

Hippocrates

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3
Q

who is known as the first deaconess and visiting nurse?

A

pheobe

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4
Q

who is credited with influencing and paying for the first free hospital in Rome?

A

Fabiola

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5
Q

who converted home into monastery,where she taught nursing skills ,considered the first nursing educator.

A

Saint Marcella

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6
Q

established inns and hospitals for pilgrims traveling to Jerusalem

A

Saint Paula

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7
Q

mother of roman emperor Constantine,credited with establishing the first gerontologic facility (home for the aged)

A

Saint Helena

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8
Q

what is the period called when nursing was considered the most menial of all task, least desirable( few women who cared for sick during this time were either prisoners or prostitutes

A

dark ages of nursing

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9
Q

who established the Kaiserswerth school for nursing in Germany?

A

Pastor Thoeodor Fleidner

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10
Q

one of the first formally established schools of nursing in the world

A

Kaiserswerth school for nursing

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11
Q

insisted on establishing sanitary conditions and providing quality nursing care,which immediately reduced the morality rate.

A

Florence Nightingale

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12
Q

symbol of nursing and nursing education

A

nightingale lamp, lamp of learning, lamp of nursing

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13
Q

who is remembered for her campaign against the inhumane treatment of the mentally ill.

A

Dorothea Lynde Dix

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14
Q

who founded the American red cross in 1881

A

Clara Barton

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15
Q

Who was the first trained nurse in the u.s?

A

Melinda Ann (Linda) Richards

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16
Q

founder of the school of nursing @ Johns Hopkins university,also founded 2 national nursing organizations (ANA) and education committee of the NLN,founded American Journal of Nursing

A

Isabel Hampton Robb

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17
Q

Founder of American Public Health Nursing, Best known for founding the Henry Street settlement visiting nurse society (VNS) in New York City in 1893

A

Lillian Wald

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18
Q

Promoted fair treatment of African Americans in healthcare.THE FIRST AFRICAN AMERICAN GRADUATE NURSE,promoted integration and better working conditions for minority healthcare workers in Boston.

A

Mary Eliza Mahoney

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19
Q

pioneer as a visiting nurse-midwife to the mountain people of Kentucky in early 1900s, often making her rounds on horseback.She also started one of the first mid-wifery schools in the u.s.

A

Mary Breckinridge

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20
Q

Were instrumental in establishing the first college based nursing program @ Teachers College of Columbia University

A

Mary Adelaide Nutting and Isabel Robb

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21
Q

In 1892, The Young Women’s Christian Association (YWCA) opened the first practical nursing school in the united states in Brooklyn, New York .( gets its name from the woman who provided the funding)

A

Ballard School

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22
Q

what are the funds from which gave impetus to vocational-technical and public education

A

smith-hughes act

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23
Q

what was the first state to designate LPNs

A

mississippi

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24
Q

who was the first state to have mandatory licensure for LPNs to practice?

A

New York

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25
Q

which war marked the first emergency training if nurses

A

WWI

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26
Q

the u.s cadet nurse corps was established during ___ with ___ as director?

A

WWII,Lucile Petry Leone

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27
Q

The woman’s movement has influenced nurses,many of whom are women, to be more assertive and independent. Today’s nursing role is a collaboration with others in the healthcare field, Primary care, previously delivered only by physicians,is now being delivered by advanced practical nurses as well.

A

autonomy

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28
Q

distinguishing badge of authority or honor

A

insignia

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29
Q

Florence Nightingale opened the first school of nursing outside a hospital that stressed?

A

cleanliness

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30
Q

which of the following was the first practical nursing school in the united states?

A

Ballard School

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31
Q

Which of the following trends are expected to influence nursing in the 21st century?

A

higher client acuity

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32
Q

To achieve licensure as a physician, and individual must?

A

minimum 4 years undergraduate study,4 years med school,take a licensure exam before practicing.

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33
Q

manipulates the musculoskeletal system and spine to relieve symptoms

A

Chiropractor

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34
Q

Provides basic nursing care for clients in a long-term care facility. works under the supervision of LPN,RN,MD.

A

(certified) nurses aide (CNA), Unlicensed Assistive personnel (UAP)

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35
Q

provides nursing care in long-term and acute care facilities. may also work in primary care providers offices and clinic settings, works under supervision of RN,MD.

A

Licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)

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36
Q

Provides direct and indirect nursing care ,supervision,and leadership in a wide variety of settings

A

Registered Nurse

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37
Q

An RN who receives additional training in a specialized field ,such as pediatrics,maternity,geriatrics,family practice,or mental health.

A

Advanced practice Nurse or Nurse practitioner

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38
Q

practical or vocational nurses are licensed under specific state laws(_____) to care for clients in various settings in the same manner as is the RN

A

Nurse practice Acts

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39
Q

current functions of the LPN/LVN include?

A

providing bedside care ,doing wound care,administering prescribed meds, monitoring client status,reporting reactions to medications or treatment to the RN or Physician

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40
Q

most practical nursing programs are the equivalent of?

A

12-18 months of full time study

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41
Q

the__ has established standards of accreditation for nursing education for both RN’s and LPN’s.

A

National league for nursing (NLN)

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42
Q

Licensing exam for the RN

A

NCLEX-RN

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43
Q

licensing exam for practical nurse

A

NCLEX-PN

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44
Q

designates the functions,duties,and responsibilities of the nurse and use of the title “nurse”

A

Mandatory law

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45
Q

practicing nursing without a license is called?

A

permissive licensure

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46
Q

a form of agreement between states,particularly state licensing agencies

A

endorsement

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47
Q

RN’s recite the?

A

Florence Nightingale pledge

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48
Q

LPNs recite the?

A

practical Nurses Pledge

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49
Q

another type of recognition of previous education and experience

A

reciprocity

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50
Q

a____ provides a reason and purpose for nursing actions.

A

theoretical framework

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51
Q

Help each person achieve the maximum level of wellness possible

A

nurse care provider

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52
Q

ensure the client receives necessary care and by intervening when necessary/ help client understand their rights and responsibilities

A

nurse advocate

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53
Q

documents client care and client response.

A

nurse communicator

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54
Q

obtaining___helps the public determine the difference between a qualified and unqualified worker

A

licensure

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55
Q

protects the public from unqualified workers and establish standards for the profession of occupation

A

Nurse practice acts

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56
Q

write teaching plans and assist people in preventing illness and injury before they occur nurse teacher

A

nurse teacher

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57
Q

Professional organization providing standards of nursing care and promoting competence through continued post licensure education and certification

A

National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses(NFLPN)

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58
Q

was the first national nursing organization to delineate goals for the development and improvement of practical nursing education

A

national association for practical nurse education and service (NAPNES)

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59
Q

the designated purpose of the _______ is” to advance excellence in nursing education that prepares the nursing workforce to meet the needs of diverse populations in an ever changing health care environment”

A

National league for nursing(NLN)

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60
Q

vocational organization specifically designed for students in secondary and post secondary health occupations ,including nursing . groups mission is “to promote career opportunities in health care and to enhance the delivery of quality healthcare to all people.

A

health occupations students of america (HOSA)

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61
Q

plan for continual monitoring and maintenance of and individuals health

A

managed health

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62
Q

to be admitted to an acute care facility ,the client must meet a minimal level or need for healthcare services known as?

A

acuity

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63
Q

Acute care hospitals are most commonly known as

A

healthcare facilities

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64
Q

implies that a client in the hospital has a serious condition that needs to be closely monitored by healthcare professionals, particularly nurses.

A

acute care facilities

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65
Q

admit clients for short periods of time,usually only a matter of a few days

A

acute care facilities

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66
Q

facilities that admit only one type of client.(ex.VA hospitals,psychiatric,or pediatric hospitals

A

specialized hospitals

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67
Q

services normally found in acute care facilities

A

dietary,ICU,neonatal

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68
Q

most general hospitals provide ‘same-day’ surgery,also known as

A

outpatient or ambulatory care centers

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69
Q

____may be a service provided by an acute care facility or it may be a service provided by an agency that specializes in ___, focuses on the return of health using a recuperative environment that is familiar to the client.

A

home health care

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70
Q

specializes in the care of the terminally ill.

A

hospice

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71
Q

provides part-time supervision of clients who have chronic conditions

A

respite care

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72
Q

service that is relatively new and growing.refers to the ability to access a nurse of physician via telephone or computer audio/video link

A

telehealth

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73
Q

some facilities admits clients for longer periods of time than is common in acute care facilities(nursing homes,inpatient rehabilitation centers,ect..)

A

extended care facilities

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74
Q

the____ provides 24-hour nursing care under the supervision of an RN

A

skilled nursing facility (SNF)

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75
Q

the____provides 24-hr nursing service from nursing assistants under the supervision of an LPN,with an RN as a consultant

A

Intermediate care facility(ICF)

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76
Q

provide care for individuals and families within a specific area ( neighborhood,small town, rural county)

A

community health

77
Q

a pledge to the public that healthcare services will provide optimal achievable goals and maintain standard excellence in the services rendered.

A

Quality assurance

78
Q

the agency that assigns “accreditation” to hospitals

A

joint commission (formally known as “joint commissions for accreditation of Healthcare Organization or JCAHO”)

79
Q

requires that healthcare services be well planned and delivered in a manner that ensures good care.

A

quality management

80
Q

offer health services for a fixed monthly charge called a premium, members must use a physician within the ___ network.

A

health maintenance organizations (HMO)

81
Q

the fee or premium paid in advance to the HMO is called the

A

capitation fee

82
Q

____are used to deliver healthcare within a “managed” system

A

preferred provider organizations(PPO’s)

83
Q

______similar to HMO and PPO plans ,in that they are all types of managed care.the___also contracts with physicians and other healthcare providers .The client is “managed”by a primary care doctor within the network of ___providers.

A

point of service plans

84
Q

a federal insurance program that is available to most people 65 yoa or older ,some people with disabilities under 65 and people with end stages renal disease.

A

medicare

85
Q

used for care in hospitals,skilled nursing facilities,hospice care,and some home healthcare.

A

medicare part A

86
Q

helps pay for physicians services,outpatient hospital care,and some not covered by part A

A

medicare part B

87
Q

medicare is also available to younger people receiving

A

social security disability insurance payments

88
Q

a reimbursement system in which a predetermined amount is allocated for treating individuals with a specific diagnosis.

A

prospective payment

89
Q

prospective payment is based on categories called ___ for hospitals and home care.

A

Diagnosis related groups (DRG’s)

90
Q

prospective payment is based on categories called___ for nursing homes and ECF’s

A

resource utilization groups (RUG’s)

91
Q

The amount paid to the healthcare facility is predetermined and is ….

A

without consideration of the actual cost of providing care to the client

92
Q

Many people believe that means other than traditional western medicine can cure diseases and help them achieve optimum health .These methods and beliefs are known as alternative healthcare or

A

complementary healthcare

93
Q

___and___ are forms of rehabilitation after disease or injury

A

physical therapy and occupational therapy

94
Q

refers to comprehensive and total care of a person by meeting his or her needs in all areas: physical,emotional,social,spiritual,and economic. rather than defining health in terms of disease,_____ emphasizes wellness.

A

holistic healthcare

95
Q

promotes health through the use of herbs and other plants (botanical’s)

A

herbalist

96
Q

includes the use of very fine needles inserted into specific energy points underneath the skin to balance the body’s flow of energy.

A

acupuncture therapy

97
Q

external pressure applied to the energy points for pain and symptom control between acupuncture treatments

A

acupressure

98
Q

begins with the client lying or sitting in a comfortable position with eyes gently closed and the body relaxed .the person breaths deeply and concentrates on systematically and progressively relaxing all muscles in the body.

A

therapeutic relaxation

99
Q

involves calling up mental pictures or events,usually after the client completely relaxes (often used in cancer therapy)

A

Imagery

100
Q

a specific noninvasive modality that does not require entering the body or puncturing the skin

A

therapeutic touch

101
Q

a wrong committed against a person or property or public good.

A

crime

102
Q

a serious crime

A

felony

103
Q

a crime that is not as serious as a felony . still a serious charge and and my be cause for revocation of a nursing license

A

misdemeaner

104
Q

legal responsibility for ones action or failure to act appropriately

A

liability

105
Q

mercy killing

A

euthanasia

106
Q

professional neglegance

A

malpractice

107
Q

harm done to a client as a result of neglecting duties ,procedures or ordinary precautions.(one of the most common causes of lawsuits by healthcare clients)

A

negligence

108
Q

threat or attempt to do bodily harm.includes physical or verbal intimidation

A

assault

109
Q

physical contact with another person without that persons consent.physical striking and beating

A

battery

110
Q

means that in life threatening circumstances ,the client would provide consent for care

A

inferred consent

111
Q

means that test,treatment,and medication have been explained to the person as well as the outcomes ,possible complications and alternative procedures .

A

informed consent

112
Q

written statement or photograph that is false or damaging

A

Libel

113
Q

term given to malicious verbal statements that are false or injurious

A

slander

114
Q

legal term that implies that a healthcare professional has prematurely stopped caring for a client

A

abandonment of care

115
Q

protects clients info and makes sure this info remains private.

A

HIPAA ( health insurance portability and accountability act)

116
Q

establishes a voluntary reporting system which improves and enhances increased safety of clients.

A

patient safety act

117
Q

law that defines and regulates the practice of nursing in the united states

A

nurse practice act

118
Q

common sense precautions

A
  • Follow accepted procedures
  • Be competent in your practice
  • Ask for assistance
  • Document well
  • Don’t give legal advice to clients
  • Don’t accept gifts
  • Don’t help a client prepare a will
  • Consider a malpractice insurance policy
119
Q

this law protects you from liability if you give emergency care within the limits of first aid and if you act in a reasonable and prudent manner

A

good Samaritan act

120
Q

legal document in which a person either states choices for medical treatment or names someone to make treatment choices if he or she loses decision making ability

A

advance directive

121
Q

written and legally witnessed document (but can be executed without an attorney) that request no extraordinary measures to be taken to save a persons life in the event of a terminal illness

A

living will

122
Q

in a written document , a client names another person to make health care decisions for him or her should the client become unable to do so

A

Durable power of attorney

123
Q

in _____ the brain has lack of response to stimuli, lack of cephalic reflexes and absent stimulation to breath

A

brain death

124
Q
  • cessation of breathing
  • unresponsive to external stimuli
  • Complete absence of Cephalic reflexes
  • Pupils fixed or dilated
  • irreversible cessation of all functions of the brain.
A

Criteria for diagnosis of brain death

125
Q

death due to the absence of respiration’s and absence of heartbeat.

A

clinical or biological death

126
Q

the____was established to ensure fairness in the receipt of donated organs

A

United Network of Organ Sharing (UNOS)

127
Q

in 1972 the____adopted a patients bill of rights ,which stated the rights of hospitalized individuals

A

American Hospital Association (AHA)

128
Q

area where most client care is provided . this area may be around the clients bed in the hospital or in the bedroom or living room of a persons home.

A

client unit

129
Q

components of basic client care unit

A
  • furniture
  • Linens
  • toilet equipment
  • other articles (water pitcher,glass,nurse call button, tv remote,telephone,privacy curtain,trash can etc..
130
Q

determine the underlying nature of disease through their examination and study of tissue specimens, also perform autopsies

A

pathologist

131
Q

examination after death

A

autopsy

132
Q

where studies and experiments on animals are conducted to understand,cure,or prevent human disease

A

research laboratory

133
Q

records results of the “brain wave” test, which determines electrical activity within a clients brain

A

electroencephalography (EEG)

134
Q

a recording of the hearts electrical activity.

A

electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)

135
Q

the_____ department directs its efforts towards preventing physical disability.___ staff assist clients to regain the best possible function of their affected body part through individually planned programs of exercise and activities, with emphasis on gross (large)motor muscle activity

A

physical therapy

136
Q

helps clients move towards rehabilitation,paying particular attention to fine motor skills and activities of daily living (ADL)

A

Occupational therapy

137
Q

responsible for measures prescribed by healthcare providers to assist client who have certain cardiac or respiratory disorders

A

respiratory therapy

138
Q

the_____ dept. is responsible for care of children

A

pediatric(PEDS)

139
Q

gives care to persons who require immediate attention

A

Emergency Department

140
Q

provides care for critically ill clients

A

intensive care unit

141
Q

neonatal/newborn intensive care unit

A

NICU

142
Q

pediatric intensive care unit

A

PICU

143
Q

surgical Intensive care unit

A

SICU

144
Q

medical intensive care unit

A

MICU

145
Q

trauma intensive care unit

A

TICU

146
Q

cares for clients with serious heart disorders

A

coronary care unit (CCU)

147
Q

cleans and sterilizes equipment and instruments for use throughout the facility

A

Central service supply (CSS)

148
Q

provides counseling and assistance to clients and families in matters of finance,home care, discharge planning,and living arrangements

A

social services

149
Q

when orienting a clients room you should first demonstrate how to operate?

A

Nurse call signal

150
Q

you are going to complete a procedure on a client that is painful.which statement would be the most appropriate?

A

you may feel some discomfort with this procedure

151
Q

mandated that each workplace (including healthcare facilities) must establish plans for reducing accidents and injury

A

occupational safety and health administration (OSHA)

152
Q

each facility must have a ______describing any substance considered hazardous.

A

material safety data sheet (MSDS)

153
Q

______ cannot be brought into a burn unit or bone marrow transplant unit because of the danger of infection.

A

live plants or cut flowers

154
Q

occurs outside the facility and has an impact on normal operations

A

external disaster

155
Q

process of sorting and classifying injured persons to determine priority of needs

A

triage

156
Q

when the facility itself is in danger or damaged and/or function is impaired

A

internal disaster

157
Q

provides assistance and support in many environments, both inside and outside healthcare facilities

A

Disaster medical assistance team (DMAT)

158
Q

missing baby

A

code pink

159
Q

fire extinguisher-A

A

water under pressure, use for burning paper,wood.cloth

160
Q

fire extinguisher-B

A

Carbon dioxide, fires caused by gasoline,oil,paint, grease ect

161
Q

fire extinguisher -C

A

Dry chemicals, electrical fires

162
Q

fire extinguisher ABC

A

graphite, any type of fire

163
Q

what did Maslow call progression

A

hierarchy of needs

164
Q

after they met their ____people can progress to more complex needs.

A

basic survival needs

165
Q

focusing on a lower-level need that has already been fulfilled, common in illness or injury

A

regression

166
Q

first-level needs are called ?

A

physiological needs/primary needs

167
Q

met to give quality to life

A

secondary needs

168
Q

____is important however ,unlike other basic psychological needs ______ may be sublimated

A

sexual gratification

169
Q

__is not vital to the survival of an individual,but it is vital to the survival of the species.

A

sex

170
Q

__and__are important in maintaining health

A

sleep and rest

171
Q

___and___begin with bonding between infant and mother at birth and must continue throughout life for a person to meet needs at this level

A

love and affection

172
Q

means a person has reached his or her full potential, implies a fully functioning person

A

self-actualization

173
Q

related to persons perception of self:positive ____is an appreciation of ones own personal worth.

A

self-esteem

174
Q

was established in 1948 to improve world wide health.

A

world health organization (WHO)

175
Q

A state of complete physical,mental,and social well being,and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

A

health

176
Q

the balance of all the components of the human organism

A

homeostasis

177
Q

physical fitness, the body functioning at its best

A

physical health

178
Q

feeling and attitudes that make one comfortable with ones self

A

emotional health

179
Q

a mind that grows and adjust ,is in control,and free of serious stress

A

psychological or mental health

180
Q

A sense of responsibility and caring for the health and welfare of others

A

social health

181
Q

inner peace and security,comfort with ones higher power, as one perceives it.

A

spiritual health

182
Q

change in the structure or function of body tissues,biologic systems,or the human mind

A

disease

183
Q

the response to disease that involves a change in body function

A

illness

184
Q

change in structure and function of body tissue caused by invasion from harmful microorganisms

A

infection

185
Q

refers to the number of people with an illness or disorder relative to a specific population

A

morbidity

186
Q

refers to the chance of death associated with a specific illness or disorder

A

morality

187
Q

today’s healthcare system emphasizes _____rather than treatment of disease

A

prevention

188
Q

illness that interfere with the wellness -illness continuum for a short period of time

A

Acute Illness

basic nursing core (1 decks)

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