CHAPTER 1-3

Question 0

What is a programming language?

Answer 0

A method of communicating instructions to a machine in order for it to run/read a program.

Question 1

A computer program-

Answer 1

A list of instructions written by a software developer or coder that can be used/read/ran by a computer to perform specific tasks from the very simple to the compelex.

Question 2

How is python different from other programming languages?

Answer 2

— is one of the easiest programs to learn and use. It doesn’t use quite as many complicated symbols as other languages and the symbols it does use aren’t used quite as often.

Question 3

What is IDLE (Integrated development envoronment or interactive DE) or Interpreter?

Answer 3

Is a software application used by programmers to build software- it comes with a source code editor, build automation tools, and a debugger.

Question 4

What is a python Shell?

Answer 4

Another name for pythons IDLE application. It is built-in to your python program.

Question 5

What is a comand line interface (CLI) or for Mac OS- terminal?

Answer 5

— is a user interface to a computers operating system OS, or an application in which a user can test his code and get an immediate response. Most people prefer using their computers GUI rather than this.

Question 6

What is a prompt?

Answer 6

> > > (3 angle brackets) is the first thing you see in your python program if opened from your interpreter. This is the indication that your IDLE is awaiting your command.

Question 7

What is a Statement.

Answer 7

At your Python interpreter prompt you are required to enter your command, in programming a complete command is called a —.

Question 8

What is a function?

Answer 8

When at your python interpreter and you’re looking at your&raquo_space;> you’re required to enter a command, a — is a block of organized, reusable code used to perform a single specific action. Python has many of these built in, but you can create your own, these are called user-defined —s.

Question 9

What is PRINT?

Answer 9

Is a function used to reveal the value inside a variable. Note the p must be in lowercase.

Question 10

How do you open your python interpreter or IDLE?

Answer 10

Simply enter its name at your command line interface or your Mac terminal. This will cause the appropriate application to pop up.

Question 11

How do you save your python program and how do you run them?

Answer 11

Saving your — is easy, just use your MAC menu bar and to the only way to run your work is to have your code saved into a module you’ve created in your interpreter/IDLE.

Question 12

Variable = value. Explain.

Answer 12

A variable is like a box you put variables in, in mathematics every variable has its value or set of values, same in programming.

Question 13

How would you solve 10/2 in your python IDLE shell?

Answer 13

> > > 10 / 2

5

Question 14

What is an integer?

What is a float?

Answer 14

1, 3, 2, 18, 299.

1.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.8, 29.9. (Any number w/ decimal point)

Question 15

What is a string?

Answer 15

A list of characters in order DECLARED in python by single quotes, double quotes, or triple quotes (‘, ‘’, ‘’’).

Question 16

What is a multiline string?

Answer 16

A string that has three quotation marks, it allows you to add in as many extra quotes within the string as you’d like withiut having to escape!

Question 17

How would you ESCAPE an extra quotation mark in a string?

Answer 17

Using the backslash () before the quote is all you need if you have ONE extra quote. If you have two quotes then add another backslash () just before the the last quote WITHIN your strings two quotation marks.

Question 18

What is a List?

Answer 18

[ ‘one’, ‘two’, ‘three’ ]

___ are what you get when you get a collection of single variables brought together seperated by only commas and surrounded in SQUARE BRACKETS when the values are being assigned to a ___ variable.

Question 19

How would you tell python to print the 2nd item from this List?

> > > List1 = [1,2,3,4]
List2 = [‘apple’,’egg’,’milk’,’pie’]

Answer 19

>>> List1[2]
3
>>> List2[2]
milk
>>> print (List1[2])
3

Question 20

How would you tell python to print the first three items in the following list:

> > > List3 = [‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’, ‘e’, ‘f’]

Answer 20

>>> List3 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f']
>>> print (List3 [1:4])
a, b, c
>>> List3 [1-4]
a, b, c

Note you aren’t just using the index positions as in ‘hey python print items 1-3,’ instead you’re printing starting with the first item index position and then stopping entering the index position of the number that comes after the last item you want to use!

Question 21

How would you change an item in a list?

> > > List3 = [‘a’,’b’,’c’,’d’,’e’,’f’]
How woukd you make this list read ‘absdef’?

Answer 21

>>> List3 = ['a','b','c','d','e','f']
>>> List3[2] = s
>>>
>>> List3
['a','b','s','d','e','f']

Question 22

How would you modify an item in a List?

> > > Numbers = [2,4,5]

Answer 22

>>> Numbers
[2,4,5]
>>> Numbers[1]
4
>>> Numbers[1] = 7
>>>
>>> Numbers
[2,7,5]

Question 23

Show how to give a variable a value and how you would unpack it.

Answer 23

> > > freds_age = 10
freds_age
10

Question 24

What are the following are how are they used in python?

( ),[ ],{ },< >

Answer 24

( ) - Parenthesis
[ ] - Square brackets
{ } - Curly brackets
< > - Chevron

Question 25

How would you modify an item in a Tuple?

> > > Numbers = (2,4,5)

Answer 25

Trick question. Unlike a List, you can not modify items in a ___, once they have been created!

Question 26

How would you tell python to print the 2nd item from this Tuple?

> > > Change = (‘p’,’n’,’d’,’q’,’D’)
Change = (.01,.05,.10,.25,1)

Answer 26

> > > Change(2)
d
Change(2)
.05

Question 27

How would you add 2 lists together so they appear on the same line or in the same variable?

> > > Numbers = [1,2,3]
Colors = [‘blue’, ‘red’, ‘yellow’]

Answer 27

>>> Numbers = [1,2,3]
>>> Colors = ['blue', 'red', 'yellow']
>>> 
>>> print (Numbers + Colors)
[1,2,3,'blue','red','yellow']
>>> SuperList = (Numbers + Colors)
[1,2,3,'blue','red','yellow']

Question 28

To add a new item to an already created list you use the APPEND function. How do you use this?

Answer 28

If you have this list
»> List4: [1,2,3,4,5]

And you wanna append 7 into the list you do:
»> List4.append(7)

> > > List4
1,2,3,4,5,7

Question 29

How do you delete an item inside a list?

For example, delete ‘d’ from following:
»> List5 = [‘a’,’b’,’d’,’c’]

INTRoDUcINg ‘del’

Answer 29

>>> List5 = ['a','b','d','c']
>>> del List5[2]
>>>
>>> print (List5)
['a','b','c']

Question 30

What is a Tuple?

Answer 30

Essentially a list that uses parentheses when first assigning its values.

Question 31

What is a {Map/dict}?

Answer 31

A ___ are like lists and tuples except they help you organize values and variables within a larger variable object. For example if you wanted to create a variable to store the top 5 athletes of all time and also give each athlete their sport as a value, you’d need this variable object.

It utilizes {curly braces} and colons :

Question 32

Give an example of a Map/dict in use.

How would you tell python to print the variable in one of those values?

Answer 32

> > > Sports = { ‘Jordan’:’basketball’, ‘Jeter’:’baseball’, ‘Tiger’:’golf’}Sports[‘jordan’]
‘basketball’

NOTE THAT YOU USE A LIST LIKE SQUARE BRACKET TO GET THE VALUES INSIDE A MAP!!!

Question 33

How is a [List] different from a (Tuple) besides the brackets they use?

Answer 33

A List item can be changed simply by giving it a different value, whereas items written in a Tuple can NEVER be modified.

Question 34

What is an index position as it relates to lists, tuples, or dicts?

Answer 34

The index position is the position in which an item is inside a list, tuple, or dict/map. The first item is always in the 0 index position the second item is in the 1 index position, and so on. So for example here:
»> List = [a,b,c]
»> # a is in the 0 index position, while c is in the 2nd index position.

Question 35

What is CONCANTeNaTIoN?

Answer 35

Addiding things

Question 36

What are the following:
Syntax Error- invalid syntax
EOL error
String literal or anonymous string

Answer 36

___ means the arrangement/ order of words in a sentence is wrong. Also could include symbol placement.

___ specifically tells you there is an error at ghe end of your code line.

___ or anonymous string is just another word for the value within a certain string. Foo would be the string literal in the string ‘Foo’.

Question 37

What are the following:
Exceptions- Traceback, Most recent call last
Operand types
Stdin

Answer 37

___ appear when there’s some mistake in a statement even if it’s syntactically correct.

___ ???

___ shows up when you are doing something fundamentally wrong in python. Like trying to open file_name.py in Terminal when you can only open this shell command in shel/IDLE.

Question 38

How do you embed values into a string using the % place holder/marker and how do you print it?

Answer 38

>>> myscore = 95
>>> message = 'I scored %s points'
>>> 
>>> print (message % myscore)
I scored 95 points

Question 39

Can you create a new variable with a placeholder marker desigbed into it? How do you then print a seperate variable into this new variable you created?

Answer 39

>>> Grade = '%s: subjects I did well in'
>>> Message = 'math, biology, chemistry'
>>> Message2 = 'art, history, gym'
>>> Print (Grade % Message)
subjects I did well in: math, biology, chemistry
>>> Print (Grade % Message2)
subjects I did well in: art, history, gym
---------------
>>> A = '%s: is the BESS'
>>> B = 'Khaled'
>>> print (A % B)
Khaled: is the BESS
---------------
>>> B = 'Khaled'
>>> print (%s: is the BESS % B)
Khaled: is the BESS

Question 40

How do you indent spaces?

Answer 40

To create spce you must create a variable that gives you blank spaces multiplied by whatever your desired space is:

> > > spaces = ‘ ‘ * 25

Question 41

How would you use what you know about placeholders/markers to create space in front of and just after the words Have a great day so that those words are in the middle of a page?

Answer 41

> > > spaces = ‘ ‘ * 10
Message = ‘Have a nice day’
print (‘%s Message’ %spaces)

Question 42

How would you create spacing like you would in a letter?

Hint (‘\n’)

Answer 42

You use the backslash (‘\n’) on each code line you want to ‘spacebar’.

> > > ‘Twas a evening to remember blablabla’
‘and then blablablablablablablablabla’
(‘\n’)
(‘\n’)
‘The night was dark and solemn blabla’