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A + P > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of internal and external structures

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2
Q

Subsets of anatomy

A

Gross anatomy

Microscopic anatomy

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3
Q

Physiology

A

How living organisms perform vital function

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4
Q

Subsets of physiology

A

Cell, systemic, special, and pathophysiology

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5
Q

Structure and function

A

All specific functions are performed by specific structures

-altering the structure will alter function

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6
Q

Atoms

A

Smallest stable units of matter, building blocks for everything we will discuss

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7
Q

Molecular

A

Atoms join to form molecules, functional properties are determined by shape

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8
Q

Cellular

A

Smallest living structural and functional unit of the body

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9
Q

Tissue

A

Group of cells working together to perform specific functions

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10
Q

Organ

A

2 or more tissues organized to perform specific functions

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11
Q

Organ system

A

Interaction of organs and tissues for a common purpose

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12
Q

Whole organism

A

Human being, needs all 11 systems working for life and health

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13
Q

Integumentary

A

Protection from environment/ regulate temp/ sensory info

Organs- skin hair and nails

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14
Q

Skeletal

A

Support and protect/ mineral storage

Organs- bone, cartilage, and ligaments

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15
Q

Muscular

A

Movement/protection and support/ body temp

Organs-muscle and tendons

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16
Q

Nervous

A

Coordinates organ systems/response to stimuli

Organs-brain, spinal cord, nerves

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17
Q

Endocrine

A

Coordinated organ systems/ metabolic activity and development

Organs- pituitary gland, sex gland

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18
Q

Cardiovascular

A

Distributes blood

Organs-heart, vessels, blood

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19
Q

Lymphatic

A

Retains fluid/ immune system

Organs- spleen, lymph nodes

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20
Q

Respiratory

A

Provides O2 to blood/ communication/ balance pH

Organs-lungs and trachea

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21
Q

Digestive

A

Digests food/ absorbs nutrients

Organs- stomach, liver, intestines

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22
Q

Urinary

A

Removes waste/ controls water loss

Organs- kidneys bladder

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23
Q

Male reproductive

A

Produce spend and make hormones

Testes

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24
Q

Female reproductive

A

Produce egg/ female hormones/ support infant

Ovaries, uterus

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25
Q

Homeostasis

A

Existence of a relatively stable eternal environment

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26
Q

Disorder

A

Any abnormality if structure/function

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27
Q

Disease

A

A disorder characterized by a set of signs and symptoms

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28
Q

Auto regulation

A

Occurs when a cell or system adjusts its activities automatically

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29
Q

Extrinsic regulation

A

When the nervous or endocrine systems cause a change in activities

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30
Q

Nervous system

A

Reacts quicker>specific>short lived

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31
Q

Endocrine system

A

Reacts slower>wide ranging>lasts longer

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32
Q

Receptor

A

Senses a change in a particular parameter, stimulus

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33
Q

Control center

A

Receives and processed info from receptor, directs a change

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34
Q

Effector

A

Responds to command, can oppose or enhance stimulus

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35
Q

Negative feedback

A

Stimulus produces a response that opposes it stopes original stimulus

Ex. Temp, blood sugar, most systems

36
Q

Positive feedback

A

Stimulus produces a response that increases or enhances original stimulus

Ex. Child birth, blood clotting

37
Q

Dynamic equilibrium

A

Body is continually adapting and adjusting

38
Q

Anatomical position

A

Palms forward

39
Q

Saggital

A

Front to back

40
Q

Frontal/coronal

A

Ear to ear

41
Q

Transverse

A

Horizontal

42
Q

Serous membrane

A

Lines cavities

43
Q

Parietal

A

Lines body wall

44
Q

Visceral

A

Lines organs

45
Q

Serous fluid

A

Viscera lubricant

46
Q

Superior

A

Above

47
Q

Inferior

A

Below

48
Q

Anterior

A

Front

49
Q

Posterior

A

Back

50
Q

Cranial

A

Head (cephalic)

51
Q

Caudal

A

Tail

52
Q

Dorsal

A

Back

53
Q

Ventral

A

Belly

54
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to attachment

55
Q

Distal

A

Distant from attachment

56
Q

Medial

A

Towards midline

57
Q

Lateral

A

Away from midline

58
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Same side

59
Q

Contralateral

A

Opposite side

60
Q

Bilateral

A

Both sides

61
Q

Supine

A

Face up

62
Q

Prone

A

Face down

63
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Brain

64
Q

Spinal cavity

A

Spinal cord

65
Q

Thoracic cavity

A

Above diaphragm

66
Q

Pleural cavity

A

Lungs

Pleural membrane

67
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

Heart

Pericardium

68
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

Abdominal organs

Peritoneum

69
Q

Pelvic cavity

A

Bladder, rectum

70
Q

Costal

A

Posterior ribs

71
Q

Lumbar

A

Posterior low back

72
Q

Gluteal

A

Posterior butt

73
Q

Flank

A

Side

74
Q

Axilla

A

Armpit

75
Q

Pectoral

A

Anterior chest

76
Q

Abdominal

A

Anterior belly

77
Q

Groin/inguinal

A

Between hip and pubic area

78
Q

9 regions

A

Hypochondriac Epigastric hypo.
Lumbar Gastric Lum.
Iliac Hypogas. Iliac

79
Q

Brachium

A

Upper arm

80
Q

Antebrachium

A

Forearm

81
Q

Cubital

A

Posterior elbow

82
Q

Antecubital

A

Anterior elbow

83
Q

Thigh

A

Upper leg

84
Q

Calf

A

Posterior leg

85
Q

Popliteal region

A

Posterior knee

86
Q

Plantar

A

Sole of foot

A + P (2 decks)

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