Chapter 1

Question 1

Alfred Binet

Answer 1

• published first test designed to help place Paris school children in appropriate classes
• worlds receptiviity to his tests in the early 20th century spawned more tests and test developers.

Question 2

Norm-referenced test

Answer 2

• tests have been standardized so that test-takers are evaluated in a similar way, no matter where they live or who administers the test

Question 3

Psychological assessment

Answer 3

• gathering and integration of psychology-related data for the purpose of making a psychological evaluation accomplished through the use of tools such as tests, interviews, case studies, behavioral observation, and specially designed apparatuses and measurement procedures.

Question 4

Psychological testing

Answer 4

• The process of measuring psychology-related variables by means of devices or procedures designed to obtain a sample behavior.
• Testing may be individual or group, i.e., psychological testing for military personnel. Psychological Tests may differ with respect to content, format, and administration. Psychological testing may be one component of the process of assessment.

Question 5

Retrospective Assessment

Answer 5

• the use of evaluative tools to draw conclusions about psychological aspects of a person as they exist at some point in time prior to assessment.

Question 6

Remote Assessment

Answer 6

• the use of tools of psychological evaluation to gather data and draw conclusions about a subject who is not in physical proximity to the person or people conducting the evaluation.

Question 7

Ecological Momentary Evaluation (EMA)

Answer 7

• “in the moment” evaluation of specific problems and related cognitive and behavioral variables at the very time and place they occur.

Question 8

Collaborative Psychological Assessment

Answer 8

• assessor and assessee may work as “partners” from initial contact through final feedback.
• seeks to invite the people who are affected by a problem to work together against the problem. i.e., when determining a special education eligibility of a student, the school psychologist, the teacher, parents and other staff working with the child get involved during the assessment.

Question 9

Therapeutic Psychological Assessment

Answer 9

• therapeutic self-discovery and new understanding are encouraged throughout the assessment process.
• Are psychological evaluation procedures that are designed to assist in decision making and to produce diagnostic and therapeutic benefits

Question 10

Dynamic Assessment

Answer 10

• an interactive approach to psych assessment that usually follows a model of: 1) Evaluation 2) Intervention 3) Evaluation

Question 11

Score

Answer 11

• a code or summary statement that reflects an evaluation of a performance on a test, task, interview, or some other sample of behavior.

Question 12

Scoring

Answer 12

• the process of assigning such evaluative codes or statements to performance on tests, tasks, interviews, or other behavior samples.

Question 13

Cut Score

Answer 13

• a reference point derived by judgement and used to divide a set of data into two or more classifications eg. 65 and over on a test = pass

Question 14

Psychometrics

Answer 14

• the science of psychological measurement

- psychometric soundness - technical quality

Question 15

Utility

Answer 15

• the usefulness or practical value that a test or other tool of assessment has for a particular purpose.

Question 16

Alternative Assessment

Answer 16

• Any type of assessment in which students create a response to a question or task. (In traditional assessments, students choose a response from a given list, such as multiple-choice, true/false, or matching.)
• Alternative assessments can include short-answer questions, essays, performance assessment, oral presentations, demonstrations, exhibitions, and portfolios.

Question 17

Local Processing

Answer 17

• scoring done on-site

Question 18

Central Processing

Answer 18

• scoring done at some central location

Question 19

Simple Scoring Report

Answer 19

• mere listing of scores

Question 20

Extended Scoring

Answer 20

• scoring that includes statistical analysis of test-takers performance.

Question 21

Interpretive Report

Answer 21

• scoring with inclusion of numerical or narrative interpretive statements in the report.

Question 22

Consultative Report

Answer 22

• provide expert opinion concerning analysis of data.

Question 23

Integrative Report

Answer 23

• employs previously collected data (such as medication records or behavioral observational data) into the test report.

Question 24

CAPA

Answer 24

• computer-assisted psychological assessment

Question 25

CAT

Answer 25

• computer-adaptive testing

Question 26

Achievement Tests

Answer 26

• evaluates accomplishments or the degree of learning that has taken place

Question 27

Diagnostic Tests

Answer 27

• tool of assessment used to help narrow down and identify areas of deficit to be targeted for intervention

Question 28

Case history data

Answer 28

• refers to records, transcripts, and other accounts in written, pictorial, or other form that preserve archival information, official and informal accounts, and other data and items relevant to an assessee. Case history data may include files or excerpts from files maintained at institutions and agencies such as schools, hospitals, employers, religious institutions, and criminal justice agencies.

Question 29

Role Play test

Answer 29

• acting an improvised or partially improvised part in a simulated situation.

Question 30

Obligations before, during and after the test

Answer 30

• before test administrators should select and use tests that are appropriate for the individual being tested
• before a test is administered, it should be stored in a way that reasonably ensures that its specific contents will not be made known in advance
• test user before the test’s administration is to ensure that a prepared and suitably trained person administers the test properly.
• The test administrator (or examiner) must be familiar with the test materials and procedures and must have at the test site all the materials needed to properly administer the test.
• ensure that room for testing is suitable and conducive to testing.
• establish rapport during test administration between examiner and examinee.
• after test safeguard test protocols and convey test results in clearly understandable fashion.

Question 31

Who, What and Why?

Answer 31

The test developer
- The test developer, this may be a company, an individual, a school. The test developer has certain responsibilities in
developing, marketing, distributing tests and educating test users.
The test user
- The test user, this may be a counselor, a clinician, a personnel official. The test user has certain responsibilities in selecting, using, scoring, interpreting, and utilizing tests.
The test taker
- The test taker, this may be the client in many cases. The test taker has certain rights regarding tests, their use, and the information gained from them
Society at large
- includes the family, the school and the community.