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APES > Chapter 1 and 20 test > Flashcards

Chapter 1 and 20 test Flashcards

1
Q

ecosystem

A

all living and non-living things in a area

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2
Q

biotic

A

living

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3
Q

abiotic

A

non-living

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4
Q

environmental science vs environmentalists

A

study the environment and the interactions among human systems and nature vs acts upon the environment

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5
Q

different ways humans manipulate their environment

A
  • land(mining, farming, development)
  • air(pollution, green house farming, climate change)
  • water(pollution, transportation, run-off, sewage)
  • soil(fertilizing
  • biodiversity
  • technology
  • human population
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6
Q

natural environments provide ecosystem services such as….

A

free life supporting recourses:

  • shelter
  • clean water
  • food
  • clean air
  • crops
  • fisheries
  • timber
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7
Q

environmental indicators

A

describe the health and quality of natural systems:

  • biological diversity
  • food production
  • human pop
  • resource depletion
  • surface temp and CO2 concentrations
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8
Q

human sustainability

A

living in a way that allows humans to use resources without deriving future generations of those resources

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9
Q

sustainable practices

A

recycle, carpool, biking, compost, reusable water bottles, turn off lights, food with less packaging, using resources sparingly

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10
Q

ecological footprint

A

a measure of how much an individual consumes, expressed as an area of land

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11
Q

theory vs hypothesis

A

hypothesis: a testable conjecture about how something works, a prediction
theory: a proven statement

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12
Q

economics

A

studies how humans allocate resources in the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services

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13
Q

what determines the price of a good

A

supply and demand

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14
Q

GDP vs GPI

A

GDP(Growth domestic product); values of all products and services in a year

GPI(Genuine process indicator): adds cost of pollution, service of people and environment, recourse depletion, health and pollution

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15
Q

Technology transfer

A

reap the benefits of technology produced in another country

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16
Q

leapfrogging

A

when poor countries skip a generation of technology advancement, for example skipping telephone wires and going right to cell phones

17
Q

capital

A

capital: economic assets
- natural capital: value of natural recourses on a planet(lumber, air, water)
- Human Capital: knowledge and abilities of humans
- Manufactured capital: goods and services humans produce

18
Q

environmental economics

A

examines cost/benefit of polices and regulations that regulate or limit causes of environmental degradation

19
Q

ecological economics

A

study of economics as a component of ecological systems, has a goal to preserve natural capital

20
Q

cradle to cradle system

A
  • cycle of sustainability for humans
  • reusable material
  • recycle
  • waste disposal
21
Q

worldview

A

how you see the world and how you think it works and what you think is important

22
Q

Anthropocentric

A
  • human centered

- nature is only there for human needs

23
Q

biocentric

A
  • life centered
  • focuses of life of all living species
  • each living species has equal value
24
Q

ecocentric

A
  • earth centered

- equal value of all living and nonliving things such as ecosystems and environment

25
Q

Precautionary principle

A

philosophy that practices extensive testing on goods and services before released to general public for consumption

26
Q

what is environmental justice

A

a social movement that works towards equal enforcement of environmental laws in poor countries

27
Q

what are externalities

A

the consequences of industrial or commercial activities that effect other parties and aren’t shown in the cost. such as pollution, or pollination of other plants by bees

28
Q

what is fracking

A

hydraulic fracking is the extraction of oil and gas by using high pressure fluids that have chemicals that break open the rocks underground

29
Q

environmental studies

A

field of study that includes environmental science along with environmental policy, economics, literature, and ethics

30
Q

what are ecosystem services

A

the process of creating life supporting resources such as clean water, timber, fisheries and agricultural crops

31
Q

what is the human pop

A

7-7.4 billion people

32
Q

what is ecological economics

A

the study of economics as a component of ecological systems

33
Q

what is valuation

A

the practice of assigning monetary value to intangible benefits and natural capital

34
Q

scientific method

A

an objective method to explore the natural world, draw inferences from it, and and predict the outcome of certain events

APES (1 decks)

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