Chapter 1 C

Question 1

Electromagnetic radiation emitted from the sun is mainly

Answer 1

Ultra violet
Visible
Infrared

Question 2

Electromagnetic spectrum meaning

Answer 2

the range of all electromagnetic waves ordered by frequency and wavelength

Question 3

Radiation meaning

Answer 3

Transmission of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves or high-speed particles

Question 4

Electromagnetic spectrum from long wavelength/low frequency/ low energy to short wavelength/high frequency/ high energy

Answer 4

Radio, microwave , infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, gamma ray, infrared

Question 5

What part of the electromagnetic spectrum is visible

Answer 5

A small part from 390nm to 780nm

Question 6

Is infrared or visible light better at transmitting through the earths atmosphere

Answer 6

Visible light

Question 7

Types and energy amount in visible light

Answer 7

Blue: higher energy
Red: lower energy
Causing sun to appear blue and sky to appear yellow

Question 8

Where does ultraviolet light go

Answer 8

Mostly Absorbed by the ozone layer some reaching the earth

Question 9

Is ultraviolet light dangerous

Answer 9

Yes

Question 10

Misconception all radiation is dangerous

Answer 10

Electromagnetic radiation makes up all of the waves of the electromagnetic spectrum, some of which are harmless to humans (e.g. visible light) and others that are very dangerous
(e.g. gamma radiation)

Question 11

How are the properties of electromagnetic waves utilised by society (radio)

Answer 11

Diffract around obstacles like buildings and mountains and can reflect off the ionosphere to help travel long distances.
• Mostly used in radio and television communications (see Figure 4) where they are emitted by radio towers and picked up by antennae on devices such as car radios

Question 12

How are properties of electromagnetic waves utilised by society (microwaves)

Answer 12

Also used for mobile phone signals, Wi-Fi and radar systems.
• Cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation is electromagnetic radiation which was created in the early stages of the universe and continues to reach Earth, and provides strong evidence for the Big Bang Theory.

Question 13

How are particles of electromagnetic waves utilised in society (infrared )

Answer 13

All objects emit electromagnetic radiation due to the thermal vibration
of charged particles. At temperatures for which life exists most of this radiation is infrared. For this reason thermal vision goggles use infrared and convert
it to visible light to ‘see’ temperature – see Figure 5.
Infrared1
• When infrared radiation hits an object, it causes the particles in that object to vibrate so the object heats up. Radiator heaters and heating lamps use this principle.
Also used In some sort of signal transmission such as tv remote controls

Question 14

How are particles of electromagnetic waves used in society (visible light) roygbiv

Answer 14

• When we see an object as coloured, the object is reflecting the wavelengths
of the colour it appears to be and absorbing the complementary (all other) wavelengths (see Figure 6). White light contains all frequencies of visible light.
• Red is at the low frequency/long wavelength end of the visible spectrum and violet is at the high frequency/short wavelength end as shown

Question 15

How are particles in electromagnetic waves utilised in society (ultraviolet)

Answer 15

Used sterilisation processes and to cure (harden) different materials due to its high energy.
• Used in black lights (UV light bulbs) for forensic analysis (see Figure 7) as it causes other substances, including bodily fluids, to fluoresce (emit visible light).
• Produced along with visible light and infrared by the Sun.

Question 16

How are particles of electromagnetic energy utilised in society (X-ray)

Answer 16

• High energy and highly penetrating.
• Useful for imaging bone structures as they pass easily through soft tissue (see Figure 8).
• Can damage the DNA in cells or even kill cells in significant doses.
• Produced by cosmic objects and used by astronomers to study those objects.

Question 17

How are particles of electromagnetic energy utilised in society (gamma ray)

Answer 17

• Higher energy, more penetrating, and more damaging than x-rays.
• Used in medicine to target and kill tumour cells but care must be taken to minimise damage to other cells.
• Produced by cosmic objects and used by astronomers to study those objects.

Question 18

Misconception sound waves are teh sound from the radio

Answer 18

Radio waves are the electromagnetic wave that carries information between the radio antennas and the radio, the radio itself then transforms a radio wave into a sound wave.