Chapter 10

Question 1

DNA and RNA are polymers composed of… monomers.

Answer 1

nucleotide

Question 2

The backbone of DNA consists of…

Answer 2

a repeating sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate pattern

Question 3

Thymine and cytosine differ from adenine and guanine in that…

Answer 3

thymine and cytosine are single-ring structures, whereas adenine and guanine are double-ring structures

Question 4

If adenine makes up 20% of the bases in a DNA double helix, what percent of the bases are thymine?

Answer 4

2O%

Question 5

If one strand of a DNA double helix has the sequence GTCCAT, what is the sequence of the other strand?

Answer 5

CAGGTA

Question 6

What type of chemical bond joins the bases of complementary DNA strands?

Answer 6

hydrogen

Question 7

After replication…

Answer 7

each new DNA double helix consists of one old strand and one new strand

Question 8

How many nucleotides make up a codon?

Answer 8

three

Question 9

Transcription is the…

Answer 9

manufacture of a strand of RNA complementary to a strand of DNA

Question 10

If a strand of DNA has the sequence AAGCTC, transcription will result in…

Answer 10

a single RNA strand with the sequence UUCGAG

Question 11

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for RNA synthesis?

Answer 11

RNA polymerase

Question 12

The region of DNA where RNA synthesis begins is the…

Answer 12

promoter

Question 13

Translation converts the information stored in… to…

Answer 13

RNA.. a polypeptide

Question 14

The RNA that is translated into a polypeptide is what type of RNA?

Answer 14

messenger RNA

Question 15

The DNA codon AGT codes for an amino acid carried by a tRNA with the anticodon…

Answer 15

AGU

Question 16

Where is translation accomplished?

Answer 16

ribosomes

Question 17

During translation, what is the correct order of events that occur as an amino acid is added?

Answer 17

codon recognition, peptide bond formation, translocation

Question 18

Peptide bonds form between…

Answer 18

amino acids

Question 19

While working with cells, a researcher treats the cells with a mutagen that causes the deletion or insertion of nucleotides in DNA. Then, she isolates a cell and notices that cell is not producing a protein and that this affected their survival. The mutation was probably…

Answer 19

one that changed the triplet grouping of the genetic message

Question 20

Which process begins at the promoter?
a. DNA replication
b. transcription
c. translation
(there can be more than one answer)

Answer 20

Transcription

Question 21

starts with the formation of a "bubble" 
a. DNA replication
b. transcription
c. translation
(there can be more than one answer)

Answer 21

DNA replication

Question 22

Occurs for only specific genes that are relevant to a certain cell type 
a. DNA replication
b. transcription
c. translation
(there can be more than one answer)

Answer 22

Transcription

Question 23

Involves the tRNA hydrogen bonding to mRNA 
a. DNA replication
b. transcription
c. translation
(there can be more than one answer)

Answer 23

Translation

Question 24

Occurs in the nucleus 
a. DNA replication
b. transcription
c. translation
(there can be more than one answer)

Answer 24

DNA replication

Question 25

Polymerase attaches nucleotides to the deoxyribose of the previous nucleotide. 
a. DNA replication
b. transcription
c. translation
(there can be more than one answer)

Answer 25

DNA replication

Question 26

Occurs in the rough ER 
a. DNA replication
b. transcription
c. translation
(there can be more than one answer)

Answer 26

Translation