Chapter 10 and final review Flashcards
How many new states were admitted in 1812-1821?
6 new state
Following the war of 1812, the Americans had a sense of what?
nationalism
who advocated the American system to congress?
Henry clay
What are the three parts of the American system?
Protective tariffs
Renewal of the national bank
Internal improvements
what is a Tax on imported goods common to most countries?
A tariff
what is an unusually high tariff?
A protective tariff
What was The purpose of the protective tariff?
to protect the nation’s manufacturers from foreign competition
Why are protective tariffs not popular in the south?
In general, the south opposed them because they received very little benefit from them.
They were harmed by it.
South is agricultural meaning they produced raw goods like crops and things that were grown and that meant the protective tariff didn’t protect what they produced. (It didn’t help the agriculture)
They are paying higher prices
what was The first protectionist legislation in America?
The tariff of 1816
Charter on first national bank expired when?
in 1811
who was given 20-year charter in 1816?
Second bank of the United States
The Internal improvements were what?
finding for roads, canals, harbors
Was The internal improvements idea very successful politically?
No
What was the Least successful aspect of the American system?
Internal improvements
What were The problems with internal improvements?
There were constitutional questions
States believed it was the responsibility of each state to build or maintain roads and canals
(They thought Why should taxes of one state go to the improvements of another?)
National road began in _____ and was built _____
In Baltimore and was built westward
What was Considered as a depression?
The panic of 1819
The panic of 1819 Brought an end to what?
the postwar prosperity to “era of good feelings”
What were the Main causes of the panic of 1819?
Collapse of cotton prices
Irresponsible action on the part of state and national banks
Who benefits from cotton?
South
the collapse of cotton was because of what?
protective tariff
What was the Missouri compromise? (essay question)
Missouri applied in 1818 for statehood, and Missouri applied to enter as a slave state
At this time when applying for statehood, there are 11 free and 11 slave states, not counting Missouri
Question of Political balance rises
The south had already lost control of the House of Representatives to the north
South wants to add Missouri to the slave state so they can have the majority, but the North doesn’t want to add Missouri as a slave states
In summer of 1819, Maine applied for statehood
Henry clay, speaker of the house, proposes the Missouri compromise. In 1820, Missouri compromise was put in place
The compromise: Maine would be admitted as a free state, Missouri would be admitted as a slave state, in the rest of the Louisiana territory slavery would not be permitted north of Missouri’s southern boundary (36*30’)
Extension of voting rights was to who?
all adult white males
They had a Greater voice in what?
presidential elections
There was a Fracturing of _______ as the strong two-party system emerges
one-party system
What is a caucus?
A caucus is a close meeting of party leaders
In 1824, who ran for presidency?
John Quincy Adams, William h. Crawford, Henry clay, and Andrew Jackson
All of these people in the elections were at least in name what?
republicans
In the election, no candidate received majority of what?
electoral votes
By rule according to twelfth amendment, the election was decided by who?
House of Representatives
who had the most electoral votes?
Jackson
who was the second in the election in 1824?
Adams
Who was last in the voting?
Henry clay
The election goes to the house and they choose who as president?
john Quincy Adams
Adams wins the election even though what?
he had fewer popular votes than Jackson
After the election, Adams appoints who as Secretary of State?
Henry clay
who was outraged because of Adams becoming president?
Jackson and his supporters
When Jackson was outraged because of Adam’s presidency, it was called what?
“corrupt bargain”
who and his followers had a Strong nationalist emphasis?
John Quincy Adams
John Quincy Adams and his followers believed what three things?
Believed in American system
Believed in higher tariffs
Believed in federal funding for education and arts
John Quincy Adams and his party were first Known by what name?
national republicans
John Quincy Adams and his followers were known officially by what name?
Democratic Party
In 1828, there was Rematch between who?
john Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson
Jackson’s nickname was what?
Old hickory
Who was known as a friend to common man?
Andrew Jackson
In 1828, Jackson’s running mate was who?
john c Calhoun
Who won the rematch of 1828?
Jackson wins the election easily
what party Claims to be the party of the common man and is still in existence today?
Democratic Party
Andrew Jackson used what system?
the spoils system
What was The spoils system?
The replacement of government office holders with supporters of the new administration
Jackson gives high positions to who in the spoils system?
people that help him out
The spoils system comes more _____ in later years
widespread
Who Had a “kitchen cabinet”?
Andrew Jackson
What was Andrew jackson’s kitchen cabinet?
Close circle of friends who were his informal advisors
There was Conflict between what two people?
van buren and Calhoun
who was Jackson’s Secretary of State?
Van buren
Congress passed what tariff?
a “tariff of abominations”
The “tariff of abomination” was a ____ tariff
protective
The tariff of abomination was so high it had rated up to how much?
50% on imported items
What tariff was hated by southerners?
“Tariff of abomination”
Who declared the “tariff of abomination” unconstitutional?
Some southern states declared it unconstitutional
who anonymously proposed the doctrine of nullification?
Calhoun
The doctrine of nullification said what?
that States could nullify or reject acts of congress that they deemed constitutional
Nullification was believed to be what?
middle ground between submission and secession
In what year did a new revised tariff bill became law
1832
who nullifies both 1828 and 1832 tariffs?
South Carolina
Calhoun resigns and becomes what?
South Carolina senator
Force bill gave the president what?
war power against South Carolina
Henry Clay secures what?
passage of the compromise tariff of 1833
The reduction was ___ but ____
And who agrees to this?
drastic but gradual
South Carolina
The national bank in 1832, reapplies for what?
it’s charter
who disliked the bank of United States?
Jackson
Bank submitted renewal for its charter to congress in what year?
1832
The charter bill passes congress easily, but Jackson does what?
vetoes it
In election of 1832, a third party known as what formed?
anti-Masonic
What is a third party?
A third party is competition against major political parties
What are the Things anti-Masonic used first?
- Emergence of a party platform
2. National convention
What is a party platform?
A party platform is a Written statement that describes where a party stands in various issues
What is the national convention?
The national convention was A place where state delegates gathered to nominate the presidential and vice presidential candidates
Jackson wins election of 1832 and who is the new Vice President?
van buren
After the election, Jackson instructs what?
that all federal deposits should be moved to state banks
Jackson has “_______”
Pet banks