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Biology II > Chapter 11 Test > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Test Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of a tissue?

A

Similarly specialized cells that perform a common function in the body

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2
Q

What does epithelium tissue cover?

A

Covers surfaces and lines body cavities

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3
Q

What is the translation of Simple Squamous Epithelium?

A

A single layer of flattened cells found lining the lungs and blood vessels

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4
Q

List four places where Simple Squamous Epithelium is found:

A
  1. Capillaries
  2. Lungs
  3. Blood vessels
  4. Lymphatic
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5
Q

Where is Simple Cuboidal Epithelium found?

A

Kidney tubules

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6
Q

What is the translation of Pseudostratified, columnar epithelium?

A

Falsely layered (it looks layered but it is not)

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7
Q

What special features does Pseudostratified, columnar epithelium contain to sweep mucus?

A

Cilia

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8
Q

In what direction is the Pseudostratified, columnar epithelium mucus swept?

A

Upward

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9
Q

In what direction is the Pseudostratified, columnar epithelium mucus swept?

A

Upward

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10
Q

List one location where Pseudostratified epithelium is found:

A

Trachea

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11
Q

List three functions of connective tissue:

A
  1. Connects the body
  2. Supports the body parts
  3. Fills Space
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12
Q

What is the specific function for ligaments?

A

Connects bones, guides body’s movement

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13
Q

What is the specific function for tendons?

A

Binds muscle to bones

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14
Q

What is the specific term for fat?

A

Adipose tissue

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15
Q

What is an individual cell of adipose tissue?

A

Adipocytes

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16
Q

List the three types of cartilage and two places where each are found:

A
  1. Hyaline (nose & end of long bones)
  2. Elastic (ears & vocal chords)
  3. Fibrocartilage (vertebrae & knee)
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17
Q

Why does cartilage heal so slowly?

A

It lacks direct blood supply

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18
Q

Why does cartilage heal so slowly?

A

It lacks direct blood supply

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19
Q

Describe the strength and flexibility for each of the cartilages:

A
  1. Hyaline (movable and bendable)
  2. Elastic (flexible)
  3. Fibrocartilage (not strong, but flexible)
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20
Q

What is the most rigid of the connective tissues?

A

Bone

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21
Q

List the two types, or texture of bone:

A
  1. Compact

2. Spongy

22
Q

What is the connective tissue that is not made by the cells themselves?

A

Blood

23
Q

What percentage does plasma account the blood?

A

55%

24
Q

List the general components of blood plasma:

A
  1. Platelets
  2. Erythrocytes
  3. Thrombocytes
  4. Leukocytes
25
Q

What are red blood cells called?

A

Erythrocytes

26
Q

What are white blood cells called?

A

Leukocytes

27
Q

Describe the shape of the red blood cell:

A

Small, biconcave, disk-shaped

28
Q

What I the ratio of white blood cells to red blood cells?

A

1 white = 600 red

29
Q

What percentage of plasma is water?

A

90%

30
Q

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

A
  1. Skeletal
  2. Smooth
  3. Cardiac
31
Q

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

A
  1. Skeletal
  2. Smooth
  3. Cardiac
32
Q

List the striations of the three types of muscle tissue:

A
  1. Skeletal - striated
  2. Smooth - not striated
  3. Cardiac - striated
33
Q

What are the two proteins found in muscle that gives it its striation appearance?

A
  1. Actin

2. Myosin

34
Q

What are the two major cavities of the ventral cavity?

A
  1. Thoracic

2. Abdominal

35
Q

How are the thoracic and abdominal cavities physically separated?

A

Diaphragm

36
Q

How are the thoracic and abdominal cavities physically separated?

A

Diaphragm

37
Q

What do Mucous membranes line in general?

A

Tubes of the digestive, respiratory, urinary, an reproductive

38
Q

What does the word, Integumentary translate to?

A

Between the coverings

39
Q

What are the five functions of the digestive system?

A
  1. Ingests food
  2. Digests food
  3. Absorbs nutrients
  4. Eliminates waste
  5. Converts food to energy (metabolism)
40
Q

What are the functions of the arteries?

A

Carry food away from the heart to the capillaries

41
Q

What kind of specialized epithelium tissue is present in the ureters and bladder?

A

Transitional

42
Q

What is the translation of endocrine?

A

Secretion within

43
Q

List the function of the thyroid gland and its location:

A

Metabolism; sits low on the front of the neck

44
Q

What is the function of Microglia?

A

Supports neuron, engulfs bacterial and cellular debris

45
Q

What is the function of Microglia?

A

Supports neuron, engulfs bacterial and cellular debris

46
Q

What is the function of Oligodendrocrytes?

A

Forms myelin sheets

47
Q

How many chromosomes does each gender contribute to form offspring?

A

23 from each gender

48
Q

What are melanocytes?

A

Cells that produce Melanin

49
Q

What is the control center in the homeostatic mechanism of temperature control?

A

Hypothalamus

50
Q

What are the effectors in the homeostatic mechanism of the temperature control when a person is cold?

A

Skin constricts, shivering, blood leaves extremities

51
Q

What is the difference between acute and chronic disease?

A
  1. Acute - occurs suddenly, happens for a short time

2. Chronic - develops slowly, long lived

Biology II (2 decks)

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